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President Ramchandra Poudel on Tuesday presented the government's policies and programs for the fiscal year 2025-26 in the joint session of Federal Parliament, outlining ambitious plans like transforming Nepal into a global IT hub, putting Nepal’s own satellite into space and reintroducing the slogan of Prosperous Nepal, Happy Nepali, a vision of former Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli that harks back to his rule in 2018.

Some of the key takeaways from the policy document, on the basis of which the government plans to present its annual budget shortly, are as follows:

Focus on IT

The document has declared the next decade as the 'Information Technology Decade' so as to achieve socio-economic transformation and prosperity by taking information technology as the basis for digital transformation. 

Reading out the government’s year-long roadmap at the joint session, President Paudel outlined a vision to develop Nepal as a global information technology hub by promoting the development of  the IT industry as the major sector of employment and service export. 

The government has a ‘lofty’ plan of creating at least 5,000 jobs by running IT work stations in the Kathmandu Valley and each province. 

Creation of internet and data exchange platforms for maintaining inter-affiliation among electronic systems figures is part of the blueprint along with the expansion of broadband internet and high-capacity optical fiber network, and satellite-based internet services (in remote and rural areas). Development of an Information Technology Knowledge Park is also on the agenda and so is the development of a Data Center and standards for its operation. 

The policy aims to put institutional arrangements in place for enhancing the effectiveness of research, response and public awareness on cybersecurity-related works. Increasing the access of women, minorities and backward classes, regions and communities to information technology through expansion of digital literacy is also part of the plan. 

It envisages making IT systems in use in public bodies safer and more reliable through technical testing of hardware, software and network, among others. As per the plan, the government sector itself will develop systems and software to be used in government bodies, pledging to give preference to domestically-developed software.

Postal service 2.0 

Restructuring the postal service and making it fast, efficient and information technology-friendly, and linking it with e-commerce is very much on the agenda. What’s more, the government plans to arrange state-of-the-art, high-quality and competitive printing of excise stickers, postage stamps, driving licenses and passports.

Integrated services

In collaboration with local levels, the government plans to bring citizen service centers into operation so as to provide all public services under one roof.

Space is the limit

Encouragingly, the government’s vision has gone well beyond the gravitational pull as it seeks to accelerate efforts to put Nepal's own satellite into the orbit. 

Something for the media

In the larger scheme of things, there’s something for the mass media too as the document pledges policy, legal and structural reforms for professional development of the sector. As expected, regulating social media to make it “dignified and well-managed” is part of the plan along with the promotion of rural journalism in mother tongue. The plan also entails development and operation of Media Village in all provinces. In collaboration with Lumbini Province, it aims to begin preparatory work for the establishment of Krishnasen Media Village in Dang. The blueprint has pledged to encourage the merger of TV stations, FM stations and internet service providers. 

Powering the economy

In the finance-economy sector, the policy paper has pledged measures to address issues facing banks and financial institutions as well as microfinance, cooperative sectors and the capital market. 

It has assured of the facility of loan re-tabulation and restructuring for microfinance debtors by making suitable changes in the cooperative policy. 

The policy has pledged to encourage merger of savings and credit cooperatives and facilitate the integration of government-owned cooperatives. The plan is also to bring savings and credit cooperatives under the Cooperative and Poverty-related Management Information System. 

It further aims to pool in scattered small capital for implementing big projects apart from seeking the involvement of private investment companies for operation and management of closed industries such as the Gorakhkali Rubber Industry, Butwal Spinning Mills and Hetauda Garment Factory. A just, balanced and estimable revenue distribution system is also part of the big plan. 

Sharing of resources

The blueprint has pledged integrated laws for determining mobilization and sharing of natural resources, investment, and profit-sharing among three-level governments, as well as for resolving disputes among them. 

Attracting investment

Mobilization of innovative instruments of development finance with additional legal provisions for encouragement of private capital mobilization features in the document and so do legal and structural interventions to enhance and expand domestic and external investment atmosphere, along with attracting foreign loans and other mixed forms of investment. 

Commitment to further simplifying the approval process for domestic and foreign investment through an automated digital system is also on the government’s agenda. 

A thousand freeships

The document has pledged fellowship to 1,000 talented youths representing different sectors.

President Ramchandra Paudel said the government will provide fellowship to these youths, adding that the private sector will also be encouraged to provide such freeships. 

A volunteer program for the mobilization of youths and their capacity enhancement figures is part of the plan and so is the empowerment of youths through skills development, financial literacy and entrepreneurship development training. The idea is to turn them into key partners and torchbearers in all aspects of social life. 

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A short break

Earlier in the day, Nepali Congress, the main opposition party that had been obstructing the Parliament for long demanding the formation of a parliamentary panel to probe Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister Rabi Lamichhane’s alleged involvement in a cooperative fraud, decided to allow President Paudel to present the government’s policies and programs. According to NC leaders, the party has decided to give continuity to parliamentary obstructions after the presentation of policies and programs. 

I’ve always loved eating out. I mean, who doesn’t, right? You have a variety of choices, and it’s quick and hassle-free, unlike cooking which can be a painstaking affair. Also, the mushrooming of restaurants in Kathmandu and Lalitpur means you don’t have to go far from home or your workplace to find a nice place. Chinese, Japanese, Indian, and Thai, the options are endless. Restaurants have also gotten good at promotions on social media. You see a lot of food content that it’s impossible not to want to check them out for yourself. That is how I recently found myself at the rooftop of a newly opened beer bar in town and for lunch at another café nearby in the same week.

When I first started working, I used to spend a good chunk of my salary eating out, even if I regretted it later and vouched to do better—meaning eat the meals my mom made at home more than I dined at restaurants. But the lure of pizza, momos, and burgers were often too great to ignore. Looking back, I think I ate out almost every other day. There was always one excuse or another—a friend to meet, a new place to try out, or a craving that just had to be satiated right then and there.

My mother, a medical doctor, often asked me to refrain from eating fried foods at restaurants as she didn’t like the fact that most eateries reused oil while cooking. I recall she used to tell her patients that many of their health issues were because of the bad food they were consuming. She still says that. As most teenagers or young adults, I agreed to stick to momos or non-fried items just to get her off my case. Eating out always meant indulging in fried food and various sugary concoctions. The need to eat out was made worse by the fact that, in Kathmandu, going out with friends generally meant chilling at restaurants. Things are slowly changing but I feel there still isn’t all that much to do. But then, restaurants are everywhere.

Fast forward almost two decades later, I still get attracted by discount offers and promises of a refreshing new cocktail. There was a time when my husband and I had sort of made a pact to eat at a new restaurant every week. We had decided not to go to the ones we usually went to but to try out new places. However, my husband and I have now drastically cut down on eating out. We’ve done so for multiple reasons but primarily because of quality inconsistencies at restaurants.

Many times, we have gone to restaurants to have a particular dish and found that the taste changed every time. It’s so disappointing. We attribute this to changing cooks as people migrate abroad for better opportunities or the restaurant’s lack of quality checks. This one time I ordered pancakes at a café I loved near my home in Lalitpur, and it was quite literally just flour and water. It tasted like rubber. When I complained, they said it was how it has always been. But the pancakes there used to be fluffy, thick, and sweet. I have since then stopped going there and started making pancakes at home. It’s cheaper. I have control over the ingredients and I love that. And it tastes way better, if I may say so myself.

Another time, a friend and I had pizza at a popular pizza place and we could barely lift the slice without half of it dropping onto our plates as the cheese was heavy and melting. The crust to cheese ratio was totally off and we had ordered a pizza we usually shared. That wasn’t how it was supposed to be. The staff, however, were apologetic and asked us if we would like another. But our appetites and moods were ruined.

Eating out has become an ordeal, and not the exciting adventure it used to be. It has also become a whole lot more expensive than before. Most restaurants have hiked the prices with no reason or explanation whatsoever. In many places, the prices have gone up and the portion size has been reduced. The food also feels stale sometimes. A few friends own restaurants and cafes and we know they batch make and freeze curries and pies to be used for a few days.  

During the Covid-19 lockdowns my husband and I found ourselves replicating the food we had at restaurants at home and discovered that we could make most of the things at less than a quarter of the price. There are plenty of resources like BuzzFeed Tasty and YouTube that can teach you to whip up gourmet dishes in no time at all. By choosing to eat out less often, we have cut down on our food expenses as well as ensured that the food we eat is nourishing and fresh.

When we think of art, many of us will most likely always imagine exquisite paintings displayed at exhibitions, made by famous painters around the world. We don’t think of the art around us. Have we ever looked at our homes and considered it to be a work of art?

For Jeewan Magar, the walls of houses are blank canvases. His brushes add color and life to them. “People don’t think what I do is art,” he says. “For them, it’s just something that must be done to make their homes more habitable. For me, filling blank walls motivates me to move forward in life. It’s my art.”

Despite his wealth of experience and exceptional talent in the field of painting and masonry, Magar remains a remarkably down-to-earth mason-painter. With a career spanning over 15 years, the 38-year-old has honed his skills and expertise in the bustling city of Kathmandu.

Throughout his career, Magar has lent his hands and expertise to the transformation of thousands of homes, leaving behind not just the marks of his craftsmanship but also stories of dedication and hard work. His commitment to his craft and his humble demeanor makes him not only a skilled professional but also a beloved figure in his community and among colleagues.

Magar, who hails from the picturesque district of Kavre, has come far from his humble beginnings to establish himself as a mason-painter. His career has taken from him working from the traditional homes and structures in his village to committing his skills on the grandeur of architectural marvels in international locations.

With his expertise and dedication, Magar has contributed his craftsmanship in the making of stunning buildings and houses in Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and Dubai. Each project he undertakes not only showcases his technical prowess but also reflects his passion for his work and his commitment to excellence.

“Despite getting more experience and the opportunity to go abroad to work, I never forget where I come from,” he says. “Even after all these years I still feel like a child from Kavre trying to make it in life. I’m aware of my origins and my sense of self. It’s not merely a feature of who I am.”

In Kavre, as a child, he’d watch the people around him in his neighborhood hustling away with their tools and craft. Magar recalls being fascinated by the people around him, observing with keen interest as they meticulously crafted and constructed with purposeful precision. These early experiences planted the seeds of curiosity and passion in him, setting the stage for a remarkable trajectory that would unfold as the years went by.

Magar says he was born with the ability to paint. His skills were not acquired through any sort of conventional training or mentorship from any professional but it emerged as a natural talent. For him, the disciplines of masonry and painting transcend mere profession. They are an integral aspect of his identity, intricately woven into the fabric of his existence.

“No one taught me how to paint, or sculpt or anything related to what I am doing professionally today. Everything I know how to do today is something I have observed from people around me,” he says.

“I didn’t have big dreams for myself,” he adds. “Growing up, my family faced financial hardships that made it impossible for us to afford higher education. While other children dreamed of prestigious careers and university degrees, I found myself grappling with the reality of limited opportunities and societal expectations.”

Despite the many challenges he faced, Magar refused to be held back by his circumstances. Determined to make something of himself, he turned to his skills and abilities, seeking out opportunities wherever he could find them. He took on odd jobs and worked tirelessly to sharpen his skills.

He encountered skepticism and doubt from those around him, who questioned his choice of profession and urged him to pursue something ‘practical’, something that would bring in financial stability. There were times when Magar wondered if he was on the right track or if he should heed the advice of others and settle for a more conventional life. But, he says, he knew this profession was for him. So, he decided to work even harder and overcome the hardship by persevering, adapting, and growing.

Magar’s hands, as a mason-painter, have sculpted and painted the walls of many houses and structures around Kathmandu. His skill goes beyond simply building things; it also involves converting areas into livable, character-filled works of art. Magar’s artwork displays his love of his trade and dedication to perfection.

Magar emphasizes the importance of honesty and diligence in your work, stressing that true satisfaction and fulfillment come from giving your best in every task you undertake.

Magar believes that a job well done is not merely about meeting deadlines or fulfilling obligations. It’s about taking pride in the quality and craftsmanship of the work produced.

“I firmly believe that if you aren’t satisfied with what you’ve accomplished, you haven’t done justice to your craft. Satisfaction is a measure of the quality and integrity of your work.”

Described by coworkers as a ‘happy soul’, Magar is known for his infectious positivity and unwavering work ethic. Despite facing inevitable challenges in his line of work, he approaches each day with a smile and a can-do attitude, inspiring those around him to persevere and maintain high standards of professionalism.

As he contemplates the road ahead, Magar remains committed to what he is doing and the opportunities it presents. He acknowledges the possibility of returning to work abroad for extended periods of time, driven by the demands of the season and the allure of new horizons. While he harbors a deep love for his homeland and the communities he serves in Kathmandu, he recognizes the practical necessity of seeking employment opportunities abroad to support his family.

To promote the flow of vehicular traffic between member-states, the Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, and Nepal (BBIN) Motor Vehicle Agreement (MVA) was signed in 2015. Although experts had hoped to stimulate an increase in commercial and personal vehicular traffic across borders, it failed to make any noteworthy impact. 

So, what went wrong?

Despite various studies and stakeholder consultancies conducted by donor agencies like the World Bank and Asian Development Bank, the initiative failed to achieve anything significant. Bhutan ultimately backed out of the agreement, fearing possible displacement of local MSMEs in the trucking industry, endeavoring to fight for its small business owners. They also cited environmental concerns as another prime reason behind the move even as Bangladesh pushed on, developing a fruitful trade relationship with India. India has been asking Nepal to revisit the transit and bilateral agreement, but the latter seems unsure how to go about it.

ADB attempted to assist Nepali ministries by drafting suitable protocols and advocating cooperation between them and observed that the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Supplies (MoICS), and the Foreign Ministry needed to cooperate better with the Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport (MoPIT). General opinion among related personnel is that the MoICS should have precedent over matters related to bilateral and regional agreements, and that MoPIT was erroneously designated authority over these matters. This atmosphere of resentment failed to forge the collective political will necessary to motivate the ministries to cooperate and coordinate.

Recent studies on the transport industry of Bhutan and Nepal show that donor agencies attempt to woo and advocate only to higher-level stakeholders by disregarding stakeholders at the ground level and leaving the gap in their understanding unaddressed. This allows us to understand what went “wrong”: Being influenced by wrong examples of the tracking and tracing of end-to-end movements along the logistic chain and wrong advocacy with wrong stakeholders resulted in the pitfalls experienced. 

So, the way forward should be to begin from the ground level to raise awareness among stakeholders, and I believe that following steps can “grease the wheels” to make a real difference.

Firstly, various members of the government need to collectively decide on the appropriate ministry responsible, which will then implement a ground-up stakeholder consultancy approach. This approach should be informed by the expertise of relevant logistics actors and at least inform, if not incorporate, donor agencies to prevent redundancies and confusion among stakeholders. Donor agencies and relevant Nepali ministries should cultivate amicable working relationships to generate a collective political will that appropriately advocates for the modality so that all member-states understand how it might be mutually beneficial to them.

Secondly, undertaking several trade-related activities along highways to benefit citizens living close to them while addressing businesses/entrepreneurs, social safeguards, climate change, gender, disability issues and disaster prevention will help them adapt to the new economic ecosystem and better understand and enhance their monetary potential.

The benefits of carrying out local outreach in conjunction with BBIN MVA are manifold and have the potential to make a significant impact at the grassroots. At local marketplaces along highways connecting member-states, citizens can sell their goods and services, promoting economic opportunities for local businesses and entrepreneurs if they are provided support in identifying the nature of business, communicating policies and regulations as well as standards, or even providing suggestions to aspiring businesspeople and linking them to real traders (retailers, wholesalers, et cetera.)

Skill development centers along highways will provide training and employment opportunities for residents, including vocational training in trades such as driving, mechanics, carpentry, agriculture and hospitality.

Health and safety protocols will help protect workers and residents from accidents, occupational hazards, and exposure to pollutants during road construction. Placing disaster preparedness and response centers along highways with emergency supplies, communication systems, and trained personnel will ensure swift and effective responses to road accidents, landslides, floods and other disasters.

Community resilience techniques offered to communities along highways will provide knowledge to residents on disaster preparedness, risk reduction strategies and response, empowering them to take proactive measures to protect themselves and their communities by engaging with local communities, indigenous groups, and other stakeholders throughout the road construction process to solicit their input, address concerns, and ensure transparency and accountability.

Providing gender-inclusive business support services along highways, including access to finance, training and mentorship programs tailored to the specific needs of women entrepreneurs and specific business owners will foster an environment of economic agency and inclusiveness.

The social safety aspect is crucial, and it should include implementation of social safety nets and support programs for vulnerable populations living close to highways, including access to healthcare, education, housing, and social assistance. By integrating these social safety nets along trade routes, stakeholders can minimize adverse social impacts, enhance community resilience and promote sustainable development in the areas affected by natural calamities. Each of these methods has advantages, challenges, and potential applications depending on various factors like population density, type of topography and industries around the community. Introducing technologies that help with environmental impact mitigation and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions will increase awareness and ensure greater accessibility to mitigate climate change.

Generating tourism in Bhutan, Nepal and Bangladesh by encouraging community-based tourism initiatives along highways, where residents can offer homestays, guided tours, and cultural experiences, generating income while preserving and showcasing local traditions and heritage will be yet another way to help drive economic and social progress. Green infrastructure projects along highways, such as tree planting, rain gardens and natural drainage systems, mitigate climate change impacts, enhance biodiversity and improve resilience to disasters like floods and landslides.

We can achieve these benefits by implementing BBIN MVA, especially to support MSMEs by providing and linking activities under different trade infrastructure along with construction of roads and other trade-related infrastructure. Connectivity through different means and modes of transport like inland waterways and trains can further enhance the economy of the BBIN initiative by connecting trade and social issues for a better livelihood.

The author is trade consultant and advisor at Nepal Freight Forwarders Association. Views are personal