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With more frequent glacial lake outburst floods occurring in Nepal and with the Secretary General of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres, launching an SOS from the South Pacific Nation of Tonga asking for nations to “Save our Oceans”, climate action is not an option but an imperative.

We should paraphrase and recontextualize the advice given by Michelle Obama during the recently held Democratic National Convention when she encouraged her fellow democrats in the USA “to do something” to win the elections in November. Indeed, we need to “do something” to stem climate warming and repurpose our industries and societies towards a meaningful and net zero scenario. Pathways must be found to give a voice to youths because without their engagement and advocacy, climate action won’t really happen.

While there are many ways for youths and the general population to be, not only part of the conversation on climate warming but also be truly engaged on it, it is paramount to create platforms where young people can truly express their concerns and provide new ideas and propositions.

I am referring to enabling youths to be involved in the sphere of policy making, by ensuring that their contributions, either in the forms of projects or in terms of innovative approaches for new progressive laws and regulations, do matter and are taken into consideration. With Nepal preparing its 3rd Nationally Determined Contributions or NDC, the document that each signatory party to the Paris Agreement must present with its commitments to reduce greenhouse emissions, having youths firmly involved in climate related decision making, can make a huge difference.

One venue for them to start working at policy level is the Local Conference of Youth or LCOY, a national forum under the umbrella of YOUNGO that is officially recognized as the constituency of young people within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).

At the beginning of August, Nepal held its own national version of LCOY over two days of intensive discussions.

It was jointly organized by Youth Action for Sustainable and Eco Nepal (YASEN) and Sustainability Week Kathmandu (SWK) after months of hard work that included a myriad of in person and online interactions with a main national event bringing together 200 young leaders. I approached the organizing team to have a better understanding of the initiative and its significance.

If the federal government in Kathmandu is truly committed to work with young people, then a platform like LCOY can turbocharge innovative ideas and ensure that bold commitments are going to be included in the NDC 3.0.

The Focal Point of LCOY Nepal, Dikshya Subedi who is also the Founder of YASEN shared her reflections. "LCOY Nepal 2024 was a powerful demonstration of youth-led climate action, bringing together diverse voices from across the country to address the pressing issue of climate change”

“I have witnessed firsthand the dedication, passion, and collaboration that made this conference an extraordinary platform for youth engagement and climate action. LCOY Nepal 2024 was more than just a gathering; it was a testament to the power of collective action and the unwavering commitment of young individuals to drive positive change”.

“This year's conference brought together diverse voices from across Nepal, each contributing unique perspectives and innovative solutions to the pressing issue of climate change. Our goal was to create a platform where young people could contribute innovative solutions and be recognized as key stakeholders in global climate discussions”.

Subedi recounted how the overarching preparation was a huge task across multiple interlinked sectors with a real effort to involve youths from all backgrounds as diversity and inclusion are two essential features to ensure climate justice.

“It was intense, requiring immense dedication and collaboration from our team and partners. We discussed critical themes like indigenous knowledge, climate resilience, and sustainable practices, leading to actionable resolutions”.

For Ganesh Paudel, the Technical Lead, LCOY Nepal 2024, the whole experience was “transformative”.

“Our mission was to gather youth from various regions to address climate change issues, pushing back against the false notion that this event was just for certificate seekers. We wanted to empower young people to voice their concerns and take action against the climate crisis. The success of this event is a testament to the dedication of our organizers, volunteers, and partners. I’m proud of the collaboration and impact we’ve achieved, and I’m confident that the discussions and resolutions from LCOY Nepal 2024 will resonate in global forums like COP."

Hemanshu Kafle who, as Design Lead, was in charge of putting together all the sessions in coherent flow, believes that the whole process, not only the two days of final discussions, was a game-changer.

He highlighted to me that an initiative like LCOY” truly enables youths to lead in global climate discussions”.

Indeed, we need both a new process of decision making in the field of climate action centered around empowerment, the dynamics that help young people build and strengthen their agency and ownership.

And yes, we need tons of shared, grounded but at the same time bold, values-based leadership among young people to tackle climate change head on.

Kafle also echoes the win-win approach based on multi-stakeholders’ involvement.

“The event’s success was the result of meticulous planning and support from partners like UNICEF Nepal, ICIMOD, UNDP, Nelis Nepal, WYCJ, SHE CHANGES CLIMATE. We tackled vital themes like indigenous knowledge, climate resilience, and sustainable forestry”.

What about the way forward?

The second day of the LCOY focused on drafting a so-called National Youth Statement, a series of key priorities that should be addressed by the Federal Government while drafting its NDC 3.0.

It is a blueprint centered around the importance of building the capacity of young people while meaningfully allowing them to have a real voice, a voice that should not be discounted, a voice that instead should be taken into account by politicians.

“Moving forward, we aim to translate the energy from LCOY into actionable outcomes, presenting our resolutions at COP events and continuing to strengthen youth networks across Nepal” Kafle shared.

Subedi added, “We are serious at ensuring that the voices of Nepali youth are heard on the global stage”.

For her, the LCOY 2024 “is just the beginning of a broader movement, and we are committed to continuing our work towards a more resilient and equitable future."

Indeed, this is just a start but ideally, we should find ways to institutionalize events like LCOY rather than being a once in a year process. This for me it’s the real challenge that goes at the heart of the current governance system. It is a general problem, not only specific to Nepal but governance at national and local levels should be reformed in a way to truly give a permanent voice to young people.

Consultative processes are good but actually we need a major reform of the entire system, creating a new space to ensure young people’s right to participate and have a role in the decision-making process. Will politicians, in Nepal and elsewhere, realize the urgency of taking bold actions by involving and engaging young people? What should it take for them to really have agency and a seat where decisions are made?

LCOY like events are important because they can help us imagine a different way of doing “politics”. Climate change could become not only the spark of a new wave of civic engagement but a stepstone to rethink democracy in its entirety.

It will be reasoning based on infatuation if there is an attempt to divorce politics from education. No doubt the education system of Nepal is below par and needs massive structuring and restructuring from the very ground level. Recent trend of the rise in the foreign migration is an example of its failure, where people are opting for better employment and economic status over wisdom and knowledge. Education and knowledge is the state of mind which enables one to secure their socio-economic needs, giving them a better way of looking at life, the society and the country.  Knowledge is power and wisdom is the reverence and sustenance of such power. Evidently, schools and universities are not the only place where one gains knowledge and wisdom. However, their role in sowing and nurturing of ideas, and sparking the fire of curiosity is undeniable. Thus the question arises: has the education system of Nepal been able to give enough spark for that fire of curiosity? Why are more people losing their faith in education? 

Perhaps our education system has not matured enough to give general definition of intelligence in its teachings, and it is not actually generating capacity in the individuals to apply the knowledge and skills. Present public opinion in education portrays the economic and class consciousness, which shall further evolve and push back the education status further away. Yet I firmly believe if the individual has to excel in personal growth and the state has to develop, then one needs to be educated and such education should not be based on an illusory state of mind. 

The problem of brain drain might not be the bigger problem than the problem of dissatisfaction that lies within the public who remains within the state. The advertising the media and politicians are making of the problem of foreign migration has created further dissatisfaction among the people and development of the trend to fly abroad, and such advertisements are based without genuine concern or seeking out possible solutions. The blame for the state’s failure has become an easy way out for the individuals to seek out better opportunities and status abroad. Nepal is yet to make the proper foundation for the development of its infrastructure, socio-economic status and strong political democracy. We do not have the option to give up at the first touch of the pressure and run away for easy prosperity.   

No doubt there is a political plague in the education of the state, undermining the real purpose of education both in the private and public sector. Increasing corruption and power play of the politics in the institutions including the active role of the administration, teachers and the students in the politicization has undermined the quality of education. But the solution cannot be achieved from the total separation of politics and education which will be merely capricious for the temporal period of time. In this relation, the intellectual minds should be capable enough to check the power hunger philistines, and keep the educational institutions and educational culture politically sound. It requires higher wisdom, dignity and ideological values in the educational institutions.

Ideas matter, what one speaks and listens to matters, and the environment developed by those ideas determines culture. Now the major concern is whether the intellectuals are in ‘a position to expose the lies of political parties and governments’ along with their motives and hidden intentions. Noam Chomsky in his ‘The Responsibility of Intellectuals’ boldly refers that ‘it is the responsibility of intellectuals to speak the truth and to expose lies’ along with their ‘role in the creation and analysis of ideology’. The concern of the higher political interference in the political institutions is especially because of the higher attraction to the power and posts, and the unsubstantial impacts education is able to make on those. Ideas can be defeated by power and wealth only when those ideas are precarious and weak, and we are letting the politics of power and wealth defeat the ideas. That’s how most of the political wings of students and teachers in the universities are being led, captivating them within the narrow mindedness of power and validation. Those similar faces once can be freed in a wider realm of political truth, beyond power and authority can bring the essential political changes in education. It is really more about the change in the political and intellectual attitude that needs to be reformed rather than the essence of the separation of politics and education. Education needs to be made more dignified and powerful than the political presence, that’s the reformation required.  

The reformation and success of education is of utmost requisite to distinguish the increasing ‘propaganda system’ based on ‘inequality of wealth and power’, especially its massive effects on mass media interests and choices. There are insurmountable problems ahead of us with very few resources and limited knowledge of the solutions. We can stride when more value is given to the building of the foundation of better education rather than the picayune squabbling over the power and posts. More burden of responsibilities lies on the intellectuals to advocate for the changes and growth that gives the hope for tomorrow, and detach the empty vessels of the propaganda system and illusions from rationality and the truth.

Flying first class has long been considered a symbol of luxury, reserved only for a selected few. I grew up in Nepal, and flying in itself was a rare experience. I never thought that I would fly among those exclusive groups. Growing up in the UK, being from a working-class background, flying first class was a faraway dream and too extravagant for anybody’s reach. Even though the airlines of Nepal have joined the international scene, none has yet offered anything other than standard cabins. As is the case with many others, I always wondered what lay beyond that mysterious curtain separating economy from first class.

Then, one day, the opportunity came along unexpectedly. I was having a chat with one of our senior managers at work and mentioned how much I’d love to fly first class. He laughed first, then said, “Leave it to me.” Well, wouldn’t you be surprised, he set up the possibility of an upgrade on my next long-haul flight. “Dress smartly,” he said, “and if there’s no paying passenger, you just might get upgraded.”

I was very surprised when I got upgraded on a Lufthansa flight. My heart was racing as boarding happened, stepping into a world of luxury I once only fantasized about. It seemed surreal, to finally be tasting those dishes at 39,000 feet which I had helped design for airplane menus.

The first class was almost like going into this little peaceful sanctuary. The wide, plush seats would recline at the touch of a button into fully flat beds. No noise, no rush—just quiet and comfortable. It was just like going into another world.

From the moment I sat down, the care was incredible. One of the cabin crew members came out and greeted me by my last name, offering a glass of champagne in sparkling crystal. This wasn’t just champagne. It was top-shelf, part of the luxury which flying first class is all about.

Probably the most remarkable features of flying first class were the dining experiences. I had worked for airline catering, developing dishes for major airlines, but never on the receiving end. The menu would be presented—just as it would be in a fine-dining restaurant-elegant on high-quality paper, gourmet dishes crafted by world-class chefs.

There was smoked salmon amuse-bouche with caviar on top, followed by a salad course of lobster-avocado with a hint of citrus dressing. Then, the main course turbot fillet was perfectly cooked and served along with truffle mashed purple potatoes and roasted vegetables in white wine caper saffron sauce, garnished with edible flowers.

Finally, for dessert, I had molten chocolate fondant with vanilla bean ice cream. The feast could give any Michelin-starred restaurant a run for its money. The attention to detail was impressive—fine porcelain for each course, with real silverware, linen napkins, and crystal glassware. Finally, the experience concluded with a freshly brewed coffee and a selection of the finest chocolates. Every aspect from bread to butter was thoughtfully curated.

What was unique was not only the food and comfort but personalized service. The cabin crew addressed me by my name, and before I would even ask, they would have already anticipated it. If I mentioned a particular wine that I liked, they would come with a bottle for me to try. It felt like dining in a five-star restaurant where the chef customizes the menu to your taste.

My airplane seat was less of an airplane seat than a private suite. There was a closet for my belongings, adjustable lighting, and a huge entertainment screen. When bedtime came, flight attendants came along to provide turndown service—fresh linens and pajamas. I slept very soundly as though I were in a five-star hotel and not on the airplane.

Another surprising thing to me was just how practical first class was for working professionals, with its high-speed internet, available power outlets, and spacious work area. It’s pretty clear why any business executive would travel first class. The quiet, private environment helped me get a lot of work accomplished in an efficient manner.

We often wonder why would anyone pay ten times the price of an economy ticket for first class? Now, having had the experience, I understand why. It’s not about space or food. It’s about the entire experience of first class. First-class passengers have a certain privacy and comfort. Personal service makes the journey nice rather than just a means of getting somewhere.

From private airport lounges to head-of-the-queue boarding, first-class passengers are catered to from the instant they step into the airport. For the business executive, at least, the opportunity to work in quiet, private surroundings may make first-class a practical necessity. For others, this could be the once-in-a-lifetime pampering.

At first, I felt out of place, overwhelmed by such attention and luxury. I explained this to one of the flight attendants and she kindly gave me the space I needed. I learned that flying first class isn’t just about opulence. Rather, it’s about savoring a different way of traveling. I wasn’t born into it but anyone can appreciate it and enjoy the experience. If you ever get the chance, flying first class is an extraordinary voyage. It makes flying unforgettable.

Baral is a UK-based R&D chef

As Nepal transitions into a federal structure, the Social Welfare Council (SWC) plays a pivotal role in coordinating social welfare initiatives among various stakeholders, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international non-governmental organizations (INGOs). Established under the Social Welfare Act of 2049, the SWC’s mission is increasingly vital as it seeks to meet the diverse needs of the population while adapting to a complex political landscape.

Nepal’s move to federalism has introduced significant changes in governance and service delivery. The SWC faces several challenges in this new environment:

Fragmentation of authority: Power is now decentralized, requiring the SWC to coordinate effectively across federal, provincial, and local levels. This fragmentation can lead to inconsistencies in policy implementation, making it essential for the SWC to establish robust communication channels.

Resource allocation: Government priorities may shift based on political dynamics, impacting the funding and support available for social welfare initiatives. This uncertainty complicates the planning and execution of programs aimed at vulnerable populations.

Stakeholder engagement: The SWC must balance the interests of local governments, NGOs, and community members, fostering collaboration to avoid service delivery overlaps and ensure cohesive efforts.

Operational landscape

Clients and beneficiaries: The SWC’s primary focus is on marginalized groups, including women, children, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. Programs must be tailored to address specific social challenges, such as poverty, discrimination, and access to healthcare and education.

Staff capacity and expertise: The effectiveness of the SWC hinges on its personnel. Continuous professional development is crucial for staff to navigate the complexities of federalism and effectively support local NGOs.

Board and governance: The SWC's governance structure must include diverse representation to reflect the multifaceted nature of social issues in Nepal. The SWC board should be led by a professional politician while the line ministry should be an oversight body. Strengthening the executive committee can lead to more informed and inclusive decision-making processes.

Strategic recommendations

To enhance the SWC’s operational effectiveness in the federal context, consider the following strategies:

• Enhanced coordination mechanisms: Develop clear protocols for communication and collaboration among the SWC, local governments, and NGOs. Regular joint planning sessions can ensure alignment on priorities and enhance the effectiveness of social welfare programs.
• Decentralized decision-making: Empower local SWC branches to make decisions regarding funding and program implementation. This approach allows for greater responsiveness to local needs and quicker adaptations to changing circumstances.
• Prioritized capacity building: Invest in training programs for SWC staff and affiliated NGOs, focusing on project management, monitoring and evaluation, and community engagement. A well-trained workforce is essential for effective service delivery.
• Transparency and accountability: Implement robust financial management and reporting mechanisms to build trust among stakeholders. Regular audits and public disclosures of funding and expenditures can enhance the SWC’s credibility.
• Collaboration with local organizations: Strengthen partnerships with local NGOs and community-based organizations to leverage their knowledge and networks. This collaborative approach can enhance outreach and ensure programs are culturally sensitive.
• Advocacy for sustainable funding: Engage in advocacy efforts to secure stable funding from government sources, international donors, and private sector partners. Diversifying the funding base will enable the SWC to sustain its operations and expand its reach.

The Social Welfare Council is at a critical juncture as it navigates the complexities of a federal Nepal. By enhancing coordination mechanisms, decentralizing decision-making, investing in capacity building, and fostering collaboration with local organizations, the SWC can significantly strengthen its impact. These strategic adaptations will empower marginalized communities and align the Council’s operations with the overarching goals of the Nepalese government, fostering a more equitable and just society. The SWC’s proactive approach is essential for advancing social welfare initiatives and improving the lives of vulnerable populations across Nepal.