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The Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) plunged by 4. 73 points to close at 2,072.24 points on Tuesday.

Similarly, the sensitive index surged by 0. 25 points to close at 388. 86 points.

 A total of 7,988,986-unit shares of 283 companies were traded for Rs 2. 85 billion.

Meanwhile, Himalayan Power Partner Ltd and NIBL Samriddhi Fund -2 were the top gainers today with their price surging by 10. 00 percent. Likewise, Singati Hydro Energy Limited was the top loser as its price dropped by 5. 96 percent.

At the end of the day, the total market capitalization stood at Rs 3. 04 trillion.

The gold is being traded at Rs 111, 300 per tola in the domestic market on Tuesday.

According to the Federation of Nepal Gold and Silver Dealers’ Association, tejabi gold is being traded at Rs 110, 750 per tola.

Similarly, the silver is being traded at Rs 1,395 per tola today.

The continuous improvement in the remittance inflow, tourism earnings, and forex reserves has put the country’s external sector in a comfortable position. The latest macroeconomic report released by the Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) shows Nepal has received remittances above Rs 100bn for seven straight months.

The comfortable position of the external sector has given space for the central bank to bring a moderate monetary policy for FY 2023/24. While the central bank’s top officials have not spoken about the direction of the new monetary policy, the latest data, according to the private sector, allows the NRB to be more flexible. The central bank in the current fiscal year adopted a tighter monetary policy amid declining forex reserves and a deteriorating external sector.

NRB officials say that the policy efforts of the government and the central bank implemented a year ago, aimed at controlling imports and credit expansion, have worked as expected. According to them, the challenge now is to maintain the pace of improvement.

The NRB Executive Director Prakash Kumar Shrestha also said that the latest macroeconomic report has indicated that a flexible monetary policy could be introduced. “However, which direction the new monetary policy will take will be determined by the market and statistics,” he said. “It is not just the external sector that has become improved. Liquidity has increased while interest rates are decreasing. But we should also pay attention to how the money will be used. While the indicators are positive currently, we need to tread with caution.”

Nepal has received remittances worth Rs 107.3bn in Jestha (mid-May to mid-June). The country has been receiving monthly remittances above Rs 100bn since Mangshir (mid-November to mid-December).

With the surge in remittance inflow, the country’s forex reserves, and balance of payment both have improved, said NRB. According to the NRB report, Nepal’s balance of payment (BOP) is at a surplus of Rs 228.98bn in the first 11  months of FY 2022/23 compared to a deficit of Rs 269.81bn in the same period of FY 2021/22. In US Dollar terms, BOP remained at a surplus of 1.74bn in the review period compared to a deficit of 2.26bn in the same period of the last fiscal year.

The country’s forex reserves increased by 21.8 percent in the first 11 months of the current fiscal year. The report said Nepal’s forex reserves stood at Rs 1480.87bn in mid-June, 2023 from Rs 1215.80bn in mid-July 2022. In US dollar terms, the gross foreign exchange reserves increased by 18.5 percent to Rs 11.3bn in mid-June 2023 from Rs 9.54bn in mid-July 2022.

In the report, NRB has stated that the current level of foreign exchange reserves is sufficient to cover merchandise imports for 11.2 months, and merchandise and services imports for 9.6 months.

Meanwhile, continuously growing tourist arrivals helped the growth of the country’s tourism income by 94.3 percent. Nepal has earned Rs 58.60bn as tourism income in this fiscal year compared to Rs 29.87bn in the last fiscal year. The country’s tourism earnings nosedived in FY 2019/20, and FY 2020/21 due to restrictions on international travel as countries imposed various lockdowns to contain the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic.

In what could caution the country’s policymakers as well as government officials, the country’s foreign education and abroad travel bills have crossed Rs 100bn in the first 11 months of the current fiscal year. While Nepal spends a huge amount of its foreign exchange on import bills yearly, foreign education and abroad travel has emerged as the other major areas where the country’s hard-earned foreign currency is being spent. 

According to the latest macroeconomic report of Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB), Nepalis have spent Rs 119.98bn this fiscal for foreign travel and payment for education abroad.

The amount spent by Nepalis for these two purposes is much higher than the country’s tourism income during the same period. Foreign tourists spent as much as Rs 58.6bn in Nepal in the first 11 months of the current fiscal year.

The NRB data shows a total of Rs 89.18bn have been sent abroad in the first 11 months of this fiscal to pay the education bills of Nepalis studying in foreign colleges and universities. Nepalis had spent as much as Rs 67.7bn for education abroad in the first 11 months of the fiscal year 2021/22. In FY 2020/21 and FY 2019/20, spending for education decreased to Rs 24.95bn and Rs 25.81bn, according to the NRB.

Likewise, Nepalis are spending heavily on traveling to other countries as tourists. According to NRB data, as much as Rs 30.8bn was spent on foreign travel during the first 11 months of the current fiscal year.

“Nepalis are spending large amounts of foreign exchanges for travels abroad for different purposes in recent years,” said the NRB official. “As Nepal is an open economy, we cannot control such spending.”

Nepalis spent as much as Rs 97.32bn in the last fiscal year 2021/22 for travels abroad both for visiting foreign destinations and studying abroad which is triple the amount the country earned from foreign travelers. Nepal earned as much as Rs 32.44bn from foreign visitors in the last fiscal year. Nepal’s tourism earnings were battered by travel curbs after the Covid-19 pandemic which has been recovering lately. The country earned only Rs 7.26bn from foreign tourists in the fiscal year 2020/21, according to NRB. But the country’s tourism is reviving which is clearly indicated by the growth in foreign visitors in 2022. 

Rising travel spending