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Nepal have decided to field first after winning the toss against Kuwait in the final match of the Quadrangular T20I Series underway in Hong Kong.

Rohit Paudel, skipper of Nepal, won the toss and invited Kuwait to bat first in the Mission Road Ground in Mong Kok on Sunday.

Nepal’s playing 11 consists of Rohit Paudel (captain), Asif Sheikh, Kushal Bhurtel, Kushal Malla, Dipendra Singh Airee, Gulsan Jha, Wasir Ahmed, Sompal Kami, Karan KC, Nandan Yadav and Lalit Rambasi.

Nepal are playing against the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the ICC U-19 Men's Cricket World Cup Asia Qualifier that begins in Kathmandu from today. 

Host Nepal will face the UAE in the first match today to be held at the Lower Mulpani International Cricket Ground.

Along with the host Nepal, the UAE, Oman, Afghanistan and Hong Kong are participating in the tournament. 

The Nepali team led by Naren Bhatta includes Abhishek Tiwari, Neeraj K Yadav, Sahil Patel, Sibrin Shrestha, Roshan Bishwakarma, Darsh Sonar, Dilsad Ali. Santosh Yadav, Ashok Dhami, Dayanand Mandal, Aparajit Poudel, Yubaraj Khatri and Bipin Prasad Sharma.

In the second match of the day, Oman will face Afghanistan at the Upper Mulpani International Cricket Ground.

Meanwhile, the senior national team of Nepal are playing against Kuwait for the title of the Quadrangular T20 series in Hong Kong today.

The final match of the tournament will start at 11:15 am Nepali time at the Tin Kwong Road Recreation Ground in Hong Kong.

Nepal reached the final after the match against hosts Hong Kong on Saturday was affected by rain and both teams shared one point each. 

Nepal’s economy is showing signs of steady recovery and resilience, according to latest reports from the World Bank, Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB). While the outlook is positive, these institutions say the country still faces some serious hurdles that need to be addressed to maintain this momentum.

The World Bank’s Nepal Development Update (April 2025) has forecast economic growth of 4.5 percent for the current fiscal year, up from 3.9 percent last year. It expects average growth of 5.4 percent over the next two years. The World Bank has attributed this rise to improvements in the services sector, boosted by stronger domestic trade, rising imports and solid performance in hydropower and construction. The ADB’s Asian Development Outlook (April 2025) offers a similar but slightly lower estimate of 4.4 percent growth. It highlights increased hydropower production and better agricultural output—especially in paddy farming—as key drivers of the growth. Both institutions have said that Nepal has managed to bounce back well, despite challenges like natural disasters and travel disruptions caused by the upgrade of Tribhuvan International Airport.

The NRB’s latest report supports this optimistic view. Inflation has eased to 3.85 percent in mid-March of 2025, down from 4.82 percent a year before—well below the central bank’s target. Foreign exchange reserves are healthy, enough to cover more than 17 months of merchandise imports and 14 months of merchandise and services imports, while exports are up by 57.2 percent. These indicators suggest that the country’s economic fundamentals are becoming more stable.

The growth prospects, however, are not without risks. The World Bank has warned that global issues, such as political conflicts, rising prices, and heavy dependence on remittances and tourism, could affect Nepal’s growth. It also said the FATF greylisting has hampered Nepal’s efforts to access international capital markets after having a BB- country rating. The ADB added that ongoing tariff rises may cause a global economic downturn, affecting Nepal’s tourism receipts and remittances, and lower foreign aid could negatively impact growth as Nepal relies on foreign aid to finance development needs. 

The government must prioritize reforms and enhance its spending efficiency to maintain this momentum. Promoting private sector growth through clearer laws and regulations, bolstering the financial system, harnessing hydropower potential, and upgrading tourism infrastructure could generate employment opportunities and lessen dependence on remittances. Similarly, the government should act swiftly to implement the Financial Action Task Force’s recommendations to secure Nepal’s removal from the ‘gray list.’ Failure to address this could lead to severe repercussions.

Nepal is facing serious problems, with politicians often fighting both on the streets and in the House of Representatives. This situation is causing a lot of frustration among the people. What’s even more troubling is that many of the promises politicians made during the election seem to have been forgotten. They had promised to work for the improvement of the poor and disadvantaged, to provide better governance, and to control the widespread corruption in the country. They also talked about creating jobs for the unemployed and building a prosperous future for everyone.

Forgetting these promises, political leaders appear more focused on their own fights and struggles for power rather than working on the issues that really matter to the people. This leaves the citizens feeling neglected and disappointed, as they see little change in their lives.

Critical issues surrounding economic development in Nepal remain largely sidelined by the political ambitions of its leaders. Instead of tackling the pressing challenges that the country faces, political parties focus on activities that primarily serve their own interests, elevating their short-term popularity. These pursuits, however, often come at the expense of long-term progress and stability. The result is an economy that remains stagnant, with little hope for meaningful advancements. In fact, Nepal’s economic trajectory is increasingly concerning, as it is not only stagnant but also showing signs of deterioration.

A significant indicator of this stagnation is the excess liquidity in the country’s banks. The banking sector holds a substantial amount of idle capital, which could be utilized to drive growth and development. Instead of channeling this surplus into projects that could boost local industries, create jobs or improve infrastructure, banks continue to sit on their excess reserves. Political leaders who should be guiding the economy toward prosperity fail to intervene or prioritize this issue. Rather than focusing on using these resources effectively to stimulate the economy, their attention remains on consolidating state power and enriching themselves and their allies. This self-serving approach undermines the potential for long-term economic improvement and leads to further inefficiency in financial systems.
 

This cycle of mismanagement has persisted for decades, as political parties swap power but offer little in terms of vision or action to address the nation’s economic challenges. There is a glaring lack of leadership when it comes to creating comprehensive and sustainable economic policies that could foster growth and reduce inequality. The political establishment is not concerned with building a robust economic foundation; rather, it is preoccupied with gaining and retaining power, a pursuit that fails to benefit the nation at large.

As a result, Nepal has witnessed a prolonged period of stagnation, with the country’s economic growth hovering around a meager four percent annually over the past three decades. This rate of growth is insufficient to meet the needs of a growing population, and it has left many people—especially the youth—facing limited prospects. The consequences of such stagnation are profound. Employment opportunities remain scarce, particularly for the younger generation, which has significantly contributed to a migration trend. Young people, regardless of whether they are skilled, semi-skilled or unskilled, are increasingly compelled to seek better job prospects abroad. This exodus has become a key issue, as the country’s brightest talents leave in search of opportunities that Nepal fails to provide.
 

The outflow of skilled labor is particularly damaging, as it depletes the nation of its human capital—one of the most important resources for driving economic growth. This not only exacerbates the immediate problem of unemployment but also hinders the country’s long-term development. Skilled workers who might have contributed to the local economy through innovation, entrepreneurship or professional expertise are instead investing their talents in foreign markets. This brain drain leaves Nepal with a weakened workforce and a limited ability to compete in the global economy.

At the heart of this crisis lies a fundamental failure of leadership. The absence of a coherent and forward-thinking economic strategy has created a vicious cycle where the political class remains disconnected from the needs of the people. Rather than working to create a sustainable economic environment that could provide jobs and opportunities for future generations, leaders remain mired in power struggles and self-interest.

It is evident that Nepal needs a shift in priorities. Political leaders must refocus their efforts on creating a long-term vision for economic development that goes beyond short-term gains. This includes harnessing financial resources effectively, investing in industries that can generate employment and fostering an environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship. Only by addressing these issues with a clear, unified approach can Nepal hope to break the cycle of stagnation and build a future that offers prosperity for all its citizens.

In such times, the public may lose trust in the government, and it can be difficult for the leaders to inspire hope. The promises made to improve the living conditions of the poor and to address corruption should not be forgotten. It’s also crucial that politicians remember their pledge to ensure good governance and create jobs for the neediest.

Politicians must focus on actions that directly benefit the citizens to regain the latter’s trust. The politicians need to stop fighting among themselves and start working together for the common good. It’s important for them to take responsibility and make real efforts to fulfill the promises they made during their campaigns. Transparency and accountability are key. The people of Nepal deserve leaders, who are dedicated to making their lives better and improving the country's future.

Ultimately, the people should not feel ignored. Political leaders must be reminded of their duty to serve the citizens and improve their well-being. If they focus on their promises and take meaningful steps toward change, they can restore the trust and hope of the public.

Nepal defeated Kuwait by six wickets in their second match of the Quadrangular T20I series on Thursday. This is the second consecutive win for Nepal.

In the match played at the Mission Road Ground in Mong Kok, Hong Kong, Nepal, riding on the opening partnership of 127 runs between Asif Sheikh and Kushal Bhurtel, achieved the target of 186 runs set by Kuwait in 18. 5 over losing four wickets.

Bhurtel scored highest 81 runs off 50 balls for Nepal hitting six boundaries and six sixes. Sheikh made 53 runs with two fours and four sixes.

Dipendra Singh Airee contributed 31 runs off 12 balls to turn the match in Nepal’s favor.

Captain Rohit Paudel remained unbeaten on four and Gulsan Jha on Nine.

Yasin Patel claimed two wickets for Kuwait. Similarly, Mohammad Aslam and Mohammad Shafiq took one wicket each.

Earlier, Kuwait, who were invited to strike first after losing the toss, posted 185 runs.

Opener Clint Anto top-scored for Kuwait with 41 runs hitting four boundaries and two sixes. Another opener Ravija Sandaruwan made 26 runs.

Similarly, Meet Bhavsar contributed 35, Usman Patel 13 and Bilal Tahir scored 32.

Likewise, skipper Mohammad Aslam remained unbeaten on 17 and Yasin Patel on 3 runs.

Sompal Kami took three wickets for Nepal. Mandan Yadav claimed two wickets and Lalit Rajbansi and Kushal Bhurtel took one wicket each.

Earlier on Wednesday, Nepal defeated Qatar by eight wickets.

Kuwait set 186-run target against Nepal in the second match of the four-nation T20I series.

Kuwait, who were invited to bat after losing the toss at the Mission Road Ground in Mong Kok, Hong Kong, scored 185 runs for the loss of seven wickets in the allotted 20 overs.

Opener Clint Anto top-scored for Kuwait with 41 runs hitting four boundaries and two sixes.

Another opener Ravija Sandaruwan made 26 runs. 

Similarly, Meet Bhavsar contributed 35, Usman Patel 13 and Bilal Tahir scored 32.

Likewise, skipper Mohammad Aslam remained unbeaten on 17 and Yasin Patel on 3 runs.

Sompal Kami took highest three wickets for Nepal. Mandan Yadav claimed two wickets and Lalit Rajbansi and Kushal Bhurtel took one wicket each.

Earlier on Wednesday, Nepal defeated Qatar by eight wickets.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has projected Nepal's economy will grow 4.4 percent this year, up from 3.9 percent in 2024.

The Asian Development Outlook (ADO) April 2025, launched today states that growth in Nepal is expected to accelerate in both 2025 and 2026. It is projected to increase from 3.9 percent in 2024 to 4.4 percent in 2025 and 5.1 percent in 2026. Robust consumption supported by higher remittance inflows, moderate inflation, and increased private and public investments will underpin Nepal's economic activity.

Similarly, Nepal's inflation is estimated to be at 5.2 percent in 2025 and 5 percent in the following year.

Likewise, economies in developing Asia and the Pacific are projected to grow 4.9% in 2025, down from 5.0% last year, according to the report.

Solid domestic demand and strong global appetite for semiconductors driven by the artificial intelligence boom are supporting growth, but tariffs and trade uncertainty will act as a headwind. Regional growth is expected to decline further to 4.7% next year, the ADB said in the. Inflation is projected to moderate to 2.3% this year and 2.2% next year as global food and energy prices continue to decline.

The growth forecasts were finalized prior to the April 2 announcement of new tariffs by the US administration, so the baseline projections only reflect tariffs that were in place previously. However, ADO April 2025 does feature an analysis of how higher tariffs may affect growth in Asia and the Pacific.

The report notes that while economies in the region are resilient, faster and larger-than-expected changes in US trade and economic policies pose risks to the outlook. Along with higher US tariffs, increased policy uncertainty and retaliatory measures could slow trade, investment, and growth.

The region will be challenged by rising trade barriers and significant trade uncertainty, but solid domestic demand and electronics exports will support growth. Regional growth is forecast at 4.9% in 2025 and 4.7% in 2026. Inflation will moderate to 2.3% in 2025 and 2.2% in 2026 as global commodity prices decline further, enabling many regional central banks to ease monetary policy, the report states.

Escalations in conflict and geopolitical tensions could hamper regional prospects, the ADB said. "Although conflict and geopolitical tensions in the Middle East have eased, the outlook remains highly fragile. Downside risks for the region could materialize if conflict escalates again, which could lead to supply chain disruptions, higher and more volatile food and energy prices, and elevated global economic uncertainty and risk aversion.

Risks also remain regarding prospects for an end to Russia’s war in Ukraine. While economies in the Caucasus and Central Asia could benefit from greater economic stability and investor confidence, the realization of these gains remains highly uncertain and subject to the terms of any proposed peace deal."

Deeply ingrained historical, cultural, and geographical links define the civilizational relationship between India and Nepal. Formally expressed via the 1950 Treaty of Peace and Friendship, this bilateral engagement has provided an unmatched degree of permeability between two sovereign governments, enabling the free flow of people and products across an open border spanning 1,770 kilometres. Notwithstanding these apparently tight connections, the relationship has been characterized by occasional conflict, mutual misunderstanding, and diplomatic congestion. Although physical closeness and cultural familiarity should ideally promote smooth collaboration, in practice, India-Nepal ties are nevertheless delicate and vulnerable to both internal political changes and regional forces. This article aims to investigate alternative answers based on existing frameworks and empirical observations as well as to grasp the structural and dependent elements causing these obstructions.

The territorial dispute over Kalapani, Limpiyadhura, and Lipulekh is among the most delicate and persistent causes of disagreements. When India published an updated political map including the disputed areas in 2019, this problem became much more severe. Nepal responded with its map and a constitutional change, thereby supporting its assertions. In Nepal, this move stoked nationalistic fervor and turned into a gathering place for claiming historical identity and sovereignty. It shows how closely conflicts over territory—especially in post-colonial states—are related to issues of nationhood and historical recognition rather than just legal or administrative ones.

This escalation also emphasizes the more significant trend in nationalist politics affecting bilateral ties. Domestically, political players in both India and Nepal have been turning more and more to foreign policy issues to inspire popular support. In Nepal, criticism of India often finds prosperous footing in nationalist narratives that show India as an obstructive force. Although these stories are not necessarily based on reality, their resonance comes from past grievances and the more extensive background of imbalance. In India, however, there is a tendency in strategic circles to see Nepal’s actions as either reactive or shaped by outside players. When free from diplomatic communication, such opinions may harden policy stances and limit the area for compromise.

Another significant bottleneck in the relationship is Nepal’s evolving engagement with China. China has significantly expanded its presence in Nepal during the last ten years by means of diplomatic outreach, economic support, and infrastructural projects. Seeing a chance to diversify its economic alliances and lessen reliance on India, Nepal has accepted China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Nevertheless, it did not bore much fruit to Nepal. In New Delhi, where worries about Chinese intrusion in the Himalayan area have developed, this realignment has not gone unseen. From Kathmandu's vantage point, interacting with China is a hedging and strategic autonomy-boosting tactic. It aims to strike a balance between two big powers, thereby preventing too much reliance on one.

This captures the dynamics of small-state conduct in international relations, especially the idea of ‘soft balancing’, in which smaller governments try to increase their autonomy by including many partners without open conflict. Nepal’s China outreach also shows an effort to change its growth story, presenting itself not only as a dependent neighbour but also as a growing transit centre between India and China. This change for India calls for a review of its strategic posture. India would be better off improving its attractiveness with dependable infrastructure delivery, open project management, and culturally sensitive diplomacy with Kathmandu.

India has shown both technical know-how and readiness to co-develop responses in water resource cooperation. The great hydropower potential of Nepal offers the area transforming prospects. India has funded significant hydropower projects such as Arun III and Upper Karnali, therefore offering not just financial help but also grid connection and market access. Some cooperative ventures have delays that result not from a lack of purpose but rather from the complexities of transboundary water management. In renegotiating agreements, India has shown willingness and flexibility to guarantee that Nepali issues are resolved and profits are fairly distributed. 

The bilateral dynamic is powerfully shaped by ethnic politics as well, especially in connection to the Madhesi community in Nepal’s Tarai area. Historically excluded from Nepal’s political mainstream, the Madhesis have significant cultural and family links to those living in northern regions of India. Their demands for linguistic rights, federal reorganisation, and proportional representation have set off periodic outbreaks of internal strife. The complexity results from these internal issues permeating bilateral relations. While India views itself as supporting democratic values and minority rights, Nepal has seen India’s comments of support for Madhesi’s inclusion as an intervention in domestic affairs. This sensitive problem emphasises how foreign policy and home politics interact. After the civil war, state-building initiatives in Nepal have required a reconsideration of citizenship, identity, and representation. Cross-border ethnic connections can result in hopes of moral or diplomatic assistance in India. Handling these calls for great care. India needs to stress quiet diplomacy and people-to-person interaction in this case.

With these stacked difficulties, which paths may be followed for a more steady and cooperative relationship? First, bilateral communication has to be institutionalised right now. Although ad hoc conferences and high-level visits are valuable, they cannot replace organised systems of participation. Joint Commissions’ regular meetings, strategic conversations between foreign secretaries, and the rebirth of bilateral working groups on trade, water, and energy can help to provide continuity and lower misperceptions. Scholarly research on international regimes emphasises how crucial ongoing engagement is to building confidence and lowering diplomatic transaction costs.

Second, economic interconnection has to be extended and strengthened beyond conventional industries. In recent years, India has made admirable progress in building cross-border rail connections, starting a petroleum pipeline from Motihari to Amlekhgunj, and setting integrated checkpoints. Other areas like digital infrastructure, educational exchanges, and tourism should have these ideas expanded and duplicated. Economic cooperation should be considered as a vehicle for the empowerment of Nepal’s development aspirations as much as a tool for influence. Here, theories of complicated interdependence are informative, stressing the variety of channels and the role non-state players play in maintaining peaceful interactions.

Cooperation on water resources calls for a paradigmatic change. Pursues of joint development should centre on environmental sustainability, equality, and openness. Project agreements and bilateral treaties have to be negotiated inclusively with local populations and interested parties. Establishing dispute-resolution systems and cooperative environmental assessment agencies would also help to build confidence. Other areas, including the Mekong basin, where transboundary cooperation is controlled by multi-stakeholder systems balancing growth with sustainability, might provide lessons as well.

Ultimately, structural inequalities, changing geopolitical alignments, and deeply ingrained political sensitivity restrict India-Nepal relations, even if they have traditionally been close and profoundly nuanced. Though they are not insurmountable, the obstacles in the way of collaboration call for a change in institutional involvement, policy instruments, and attitude. Mutual respect, strategic empathy, and an awareness of Nepal’s sovereign goals will form the foundation of a forward-looking, sustainable cooperation. Through cooperative development, inclusive diplomacy, and long-term trust-building, India and Nepal can overcome regular difficulties and create a robust and future-oriented alliance.

Nepal and the United Kingdom—then represented by the British East India Company—established diplomatic relations in 1816, marking the beginning of Nepal’s formal international diplomacy. Since then, from the 19th to the 21st century, Nepal has expanded its diplomatic ties to 183 countries. Additionally, Nepal is a member of major multilateral institutions like the United Nations, as well as regional organizations such as SAARC and BIMSTEC.

Nepal also played a notable role in the Non-Aligned Movement during the Cold War. However, it is unfortunate that Nepal continues to primarily focus on its two large neighbors—India and China—and global powers like the United States. While Kathmandu has reached out to establish diplomatic relations with many other nations, such relations remain symbolic if they are limited to signed agreements without meaningful cooperation or engagement.

Nepal has the potential to enhance its diplomatic outreach and diversify its foreign policy for the benefit of the nation and its people—but it has seldom done so. For instance, although Nepal and Thailand established diplomatic relations on 30 Nov 1959, there were no high-level visits exchanged between the two countries for decades.

In the first week of April, Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli made the first official visit by a Nepali prime minister to Thailand, coinciding with the 6th BIMSTEC Summit. The visit served two purposes: to mark the first high-level Nepali visit to Thailand and to participate in the regional summit.

Prime Minister Oli was warmly received at Suvarnabhumi Airport by Thai officials. He later met with Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra, where both leaders discussed strengthening bilateral relations. They emphasized enhancing cooperation in trade, tourism, investment, connectivity, and people-to-people ties. The two leaders also agreed to deepen collaboration at bilateral, regional, and multilateral levels.

During the visit, the two prime ministers witnessed the signing of significant Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) in cultural and tourism cooperation. Additionally, private sector representatives from both countries signed six MoUs to boost collaboration in areas such as trade, agriculture, health, and education.

Interestingly, Nepal is the birthplace of Gautam Buddha, while over 90 percent of Thai people practice Buddhism. Thailand is also one of the top destinations for Nepali tourists. Yet, despite these strong cultural and religious links, the two countries have largely overlooked each other in the past. Notably, while Nepal previously enjoyed visa-on-arrival facilities in Thailand, today, ordinary Nepali citizens are required to obtain visas in advance.

Geographically, Nepal and Thailand are relatively close—Nepal being a South Asian country and Thailand part of Southeast Asia—yet their bilateral relations have remained modest. Despite both countries joining BIMSTEC, a regional organization connecting South and Southeast Asia, interactions at the highest levels have been limited. Prime Minister Oli’s visit and his invitation to the Thai Prime Minister for a return visit signal a renewed effort to change that. A forthcoming visit from the Thai leader would mark another important milestone.

As two medium-sized powers with deep cultural and tourism ties, Nepal and Thailand should work more closely together—not only bilaterally but also in regional and global forums—as pledged by their prime ministers.

In today’s world of multipolarity, ongoing wars, climate challenges, and shifting alliances, it is essential for Nepal and Thailand to support one another. Overdependence on a few powerful nations can leave smaller countries vulnerable. Nepal, with diplomatic ties to 183 nations, must think more strategically. It should prioritize and diversify its international engagements—across economy, trade, culture, tourism, and more—to effectively serve its national interests.

Panday is a foreign affairs journalist based in Kathmandu

Fire incidents in Nepal are increasing by the day, spreading into settlements and destroying homes. Yet, the government has failed to control them. State mechanisms lack adequate equipment and trained manpower to effectively respond. The Nepal Police, often the first responders in such emergencies, are struggling due to a shortage of resources and skilled personnel.

In the past five fiscal years, fire-related incidents have caused damages worth Rs 12bn across the country. According to the Nepal Police Disaster Management Office in Samakhusi, Kathmandu, 79 people lost their lives in fire-related incidents in the fiscal year 2020/21. In 2021/22, the number rose to 92, followed by 109 deaths in 2022/23, 137 in 2023/24, and 59 deaths reported up to Falgun of the current fiscal year.

During this period, 2,054 people were injured, and one person remains missing. Fires have destroyed 72 industries of various types and 5,776 houses across the country. Additionally, 2,942 cowsheds were completely destroyed, displacing 288 people. Police data also shows that three schools and 19 government offices were lost to fire.

With the onset of this year’s summer, two houses were destroyed by fire in Baglung after a forest fire entered a settlement in Amalachaur, Baglung Municipality-12. The homes of local residents Neel Prasad Regmi and Dandapani Regmi were completely damaged. Though locals managed to bring the fire under control, they could not prevent the damage.

In total, three community forests in Baglung have caught fire this season. According to Man Kumar Chhantyal, Forest Officer and Information Officer at the Division Forest Office, Baglung, 46 hectares of Deurali Community Forest in Nisikhola, three hectares of Mauribhir Community Forest in Dhorpatan Municipality, and the Tarebhir area of Jalukepatal Community Forest in Jaimini Municipality have been affected.

In Pandanda, fires completely destroyed the three-storey zinc-roofed house of Lok Bahadur Thapa, the hut of Rail Bahadur Thapa Magar, and the hut and toilet of Tilak Bahadur Rayamajhi. The fire, which broke out in the scorching afternoon heat, was brought under control by a combined effort of the Nepal Police, Nepal Army, Armed Police Force, Forest Office, and the Sandhikharka Municipality fire brigade.

A major challenge in managing and controlling disasters lies in the demographic shift in villages—now largely populated by the elderly and children, with most youth having migrated. Locals say the lack of manpower makes it difficult to control fires, even in neighboring houses. Although local governments have made efforts, they are unable to cover all settlements, and fire brigades rarely reach remote villages. The problem has continued to grow due to the lack of prioritization in disaster management.

Rudra Pulami, ward member of Baglung Municipality-12, shared his concerns about the absence of young people in villages during emergencies. “There’s no manpower in the village. The elderly and children are not capable of putting out fires, even in their own homes,” said Pulami. “We’ve suffered great losses due to the absence of a nearby police post.” He added that the government only seems to respond during disasters, showing negligence at other times.

The Nepal Police are the primary responders during fires and other disasters. With proper training and equipment, they could effectively manage such emergencies. However, security agencies—including the police, who work around the clock—constantly face shortages. Due to budget constraints, the police are unable to provide fire-control training or sufficient equipment for their field personnel.

“The entire budget can’t be spent just on equipment and manpower,” said Taradevi Thapa, Office Chief and Senior Superintendent of Police (SSP) at the Nepal Police Disaster Management Office, Samakhusi. “Our office currently has 50 ready-to-deploy personnel.”

According to her, a total of 125 trained police officers are stationed across the seven provinces, ready for deployment in fire emergencies. However, she admits this number is not sufficient. Thapa urged the Nepal government to allocate a larger budget for disaster management in the upcoming fiscal year. “Basic training alone is not enough,” she said. “The government should focus on developing both manpower and procuring necessary equipment.”

Thapa also shared that the police are currently working on a fire control action plan. Under this plan, awareness programs are being conducted by visiting forest settlements and at-risk villages. “We’ve been holding community-level programs with the participation of local governments, forest user groups, and residents,” she said. “These include door-to-door awareness campaigns and the distribution of informative pamphlets in fire-prone areas.” She also emphasized the need for annual training for police personnel involved in disaster response.

Thakur Bhandari, Central President of the Community Forest Users Federation, Nepal, blamed the government for the spread of forest fires into settlements. “If community forest groups were allowed to run industries based on forest products, there would be fewer forest fires,” he said. “Current industrial policies restrict such operations, leading to an increase in fire incidents.”

However, Bhandari also credited community forest workers with preventing many potential fires. According to federation data, Nepal has 23,266 community forest user groups managing 2.4m hectares of forest, directly benefiting 3.2m households and 16 million individuals. “Since our establishment, the federation has run grassroots awareness programs to prevent forest fires,” Bhandari said.

He also urged the state to facilitate industries based on forest products such as woodworking and furniture. Bhandari expressed disappointment that despite repeated requests to the Government of Nepal and the Ministry of Information and Communications to set up mobile phone alerts with fire warnings, no action has been taken.

Pervasive presence of plastics in our environment has raised significant concerns globally, and Nepal is no exception. From the deepest ocean trenches to the highest mountains, microplastics and other plastic pollutants have infiltrated ecosystems and, alarmingly, the human body. Plastics, derived from petrochemicals and synthetic materials, are ubiquitous in modern life due to their durability, lightweight nature, and versatility, which have led to widespread use in packaging, textiles, construction, and healthcare. However, plastics present a substantial downside: they do not biodegrade easily. Instead, they break down into smaller particles known as microplastics—particles less than 5mm in size—that have been found in various food items, beverages, and even the air we breathe.

The pathways through which plastics enter the human body are diverse, starting with food sources. In Nepal, the consumption of freshwater fish from the country’s rivers and lakes is a significant avenue for microplastic contamination. Research conducted by the Nepalese Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) revealed concerning levels of microplastics in common fish species, such as Rohu and Catla, which form staple protein sources for many Nepalis. Marine organisms, mistaking microplastics for food, ingest these particles, leading to bioaccumulation up the food chain. When humans consume these fish, they inadvertently increase their microplastic intake, raising potential health concerns.

In agriculture, the practice of using plastic mulch has become commonplace among Nepalese farmers due to its benefits in weed control and moisture retention. However, this practice contributes to plastic pollution in the soil. As plastics decompose, they disrupt the availability of micronutrients essential for plant health, resulting in potential residues on produce grown in contaminated soil that may eventually enter human diets. Furthermore, the rise of packaged food products in urban areas like Kathmandu and Pokhara has increased exposure to microplastics. Many food items are sold in plastic packaging that can leach harmful chemicals into the contents, particularly under high temperatures during storage and transportation. The National Institute of Health and Population (NIHP) recently indicated concerns about certain packaged snacks containing microplastics, contributing to the overall apprehension about their health impacts.

Environmental exposure is another critical pathway. Air pollution in urban centers is a growing health concern, and airborne microplastics have been detected in air samples across Nepal. High levels of construction, vehicle emissions, and industrial activity suggest that individuals may be inhaling microplastic particles. Dr. Anuja Tamang, a pulmonary specialist in Kathmandu, noted that these inhaled particles could lead to respiratory issues and other chronic health conditions. Additionally, water sources in Nepal are increasingly threatened by plastic pollution. Rivers and lakes, often used as dumping grounds for plastic waste, pose a risk of microplastic contamination in drinking water supplies. A recent survey conducted by the Department of Water Supply and Sewerage detected microplastics in drinking water sources across several districts, raising serious concerns about the health implications for consumers.

Daily habits also contribute to plastic ingestion. Personal care products often contain micro plastics, known as "microbeads," found in soaps, scrubs, and toothpaste. Many consumers in Nepal remain unaware that their everyday skincare routines could lead to plastic exposure. Dr. Sabin Sharma, a dermatologist in Kathmandu, encourages consumers to seek out products free from micro plastics, advocating for natural alternatives that pose fewer risks to human health and the environment. Household items made from synthetic materials, such as cleaning supplies and furniture, can also release micro plastics. With regular use, these products can shed tiny plastic fibers into the air, presenting another route of inadvertent exposure over time.

The health implications tied to microplastic ingestion are still under investigation, but research is beginning to uncover potential risks. Studies suggest that microplastics may provoke inflammation, disrupt endocrine functions, and even contribute to various diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndrome, and reproductive issues. In Nepal, where healthcare resources may be limited, the growing burden of plastic-related health problems poses additional strains on the healthcare system. Dr. Pramila Shrestha, a public health expert, emphasizes the urgency of raising awareness regarding these health risks while advocating for more comprehensive studies to understand and mitigate the impact of microplastics on the population.

In conclusion, while the benefits of plastics in modern society are undeniable, the growing challenge of plastic pollution—particularly as it relates to human health—demands urgent attention, especially in resource-limited settings like Nepal. Comprehensive measures, including improved waste management practices, public education campaigns, and regulation of plastic use, are critical to mitigating the impact of plastic contamination in food, air, and water. As the data continues to emerge, it is essential for stakeholders, including policymakers, health professionals, and the general public, to collaborate in adopting sustainable practices that safeguard both human and environmental health.

Nepal and Thailand have signed two separate Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) related to tourism and culture.

The MoUs were signed in the presence of Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli and his Thai counterpart Paetongtran Shinawatra.

PM Oli is currently on an official visit to Thailand.

Minister for Foreign Affairs Arzu Rana Deuba signed on the MoUs on behalf Nepal while Minister of Culture Sudawan Wangsuphakijkosol signed the MoU related to culture and Minister of Tourism and Sports Sorawong Thienthong the MoU related to tourism cooperation on behalf of Thailand.

Similarly, various MoUs in the non-government sector and related to health, education, and trade and commerce were signed in the witness of the two Prime Ministers.

PM Oli arrived here on Tuesday in connection with an official visit to Thailand and to participate in the Sixth BIMSTEC Summit, leading a Nepali delegation.

Nepal welcomed 121,800 foreign tourists in March, 2025. Such a number of tourists entered Nepal by air, according to the Nepal Tourism Board.

A total of 298,000 tourists visited Nepal in the first three months of 2025, added NTB. Total 79,900 tourists entered Nepal in January, 96,800 in February. 

Nepal welcomed the highest number of tourists from India in March which is 21,412.

Similarly, 11,443 tourists entered Nepal from China and 11,092 from USA, 8,886 from Sri Lanka, 5,995 from London as well as 35,287 from South Asia in March.

India has reaffirmed its commitment to strengthening ties with neighboring countries through a consultative, non-reciprocal, and results-oriented approach. Pabitra Margherita, Minister of State for External Affairs, emphasized in a statement to the Lok Sabha that India’s neighborhood policy is guided by the core principles of Samman (respect), Samvad (dialogue), Shanti (peace), and Samriddhi (prosperity). These principles shape India’s engagements, ensuring that partnerships are built on mutual trust and shared progress.

India’s development assistance and capacity-building initiatives are tailored to the specific needs and aspirations of neighboring nations, supporting their long-term economic growth. The minister highlighted that India’s contributions range from large-scale infrastructure projects to community-driven development, including financial, technical, and humanitarian aid. This multifaceted approach underscores India’s role as a reliable partner in fostering regional stability and prosperity.

In Nepal, India’s cooperation focuses on enhancing connectivity, economic collaboration, and energy and digital infrastructure, alongside cultural exchanges. A key component of this partnership is the High Impact Community Development Projects (HICDP), which have delivered critical infrastructure such as hospitals, schools, and water and sanitation facilities. While the initiative faced some challenges last year, it has since moved forward smoothly. Originally launched in 2003 as a modest program, HICDP was expanded and rebranded in 2024 to maximize its developmental impact.

With the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) remaining inactive, India has prioritized the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) as a more dynamic platform for regional collaboration. Margherita described BIMSTEC as a strategic convergence of India’s Neighbourhood First policy, Act East policy, and the SAGAR vision, which emphasizes security and sustainable growth in the Indo-Pacific. Through BIMSTEC, India is deepening cooperation in areas such as trade, security, connectivity, and digital innovation, while also promoting partnerships in health, education, and people-to-people ties. 

The upcoming BIMSTEC Summit, scheduled for April 3-4 in Thailand, is expected to produce a vision statement outlining future regional cooperation. Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli has already left for Thailand to attend the summit, while Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi is also set to participate.

Margherita reiterated that India’s Neighborhood First policy is widely appreciated by partner countries, ensuring the continuity of assistance programs even amid political changes. She stressed that India’s relationships with its neighbors stand independently of their ties with other nations, reflecting the depth and resilience of these bilateral connections.

On national security, the minister affirmed that India remains vigilant, closely monitoring regional developments to safeguard its interests. He expressed confidence in the enduring strength of India’s partnerships and reaffirmed the country’s commitment to advancing mutual benefits while protecting its strategic priorities in the region.

Poverty in Nepal remains widespread, especially in rural areas. Many poor people struggle to earn enough to meet their basic needs, relying on small, often unproductive pieces of land. This land doesn’t produce enough crops or generate enough income, making poverty more severe in rural areas compared to urban ones.

In 2010-11, about 25 percent of Nepal’s population lived below the poverty line. By 2023-24, this number had decreased to 20.3 percent, a reduction of 18.8 percent. While this shows some progress, many people still struggle to make ends meet. A 19 percent reduction in poverty over a decade is but a small improvement. Progress has been slow, and many still face difficulties, especially in rural areas. Efforts to fight poverty have not been strong enough to make a significant impact. According to a recent World Bank report, most of the poverty reduction can be attributed to remittances. This suggests that government efforts alone have not been enough to bring significant change.

This highlights the need for more action within Nepal to tackle poverty. There should be more local job opportunities, better access to education and healthcare, and better support for farmers so that people can improve their lives without having to migrate. While remittances help, they are not a long-term solution to poverty. The government and relevant organizations need to address the root causes of poverty and provide local opportunities for growth.

To reduce poverty further, Nepal must improve conditions for rural communities. This includes better access to education, healthcare, and technology, as well as improving farming practices. It’s also important to create more job opportunities outside of farming, so people don't have to rely solely on agriculture for survival.

Meanwhile, inequality in income or spending has decreased. In 2010-11, the Gini coefficient (GC), which measures income distribution, was 0.33. By 2023-24, it dropped to 0.30, a three percent decrease. The Gini coefficient ranges from zero (perfect equality) to one (extreme inequality). A GC of 0.3 shows that while inequality has decreased, it is still at a moderate level, meaning there is still a gap between the rich and the poor in how resources are shared.
Although the reduction in inequality is a positive sign, more work is needed. The three percent decrease suggests that efforts to reduce inequality are moving in the right direction, but there is still a long way to go to ensure fairer distribution of wealth and opportunities across Nepal. The government and organizations must focus on policies that help reduce inequality further. This could include improving access to education, healthcare and job opportunities for everyone, especially those in rural areas or from poorer backgrounds. By creating more equal opportunities, Nepal can continue to reduce inequality and move toward a more balanced society.

In conclusion, while poverty and inequality have decreased in Nepal, the changes are still not enough. Stronger and more effective efforts are necessary, particularly in rural areas. Remittances have played a key role, but they are not a long-term solution. The government needs to create more local opportunities for people to improve their lives and address inequality to ensure a fairer distribution of resources and opportunities across all communities.

The 13th meeting of the India-Nepal Joint Working Group (JWG) on Border Management (BM) was held in Pokhara, Nepal on March 27-28.

In the meeting, the two sides reviewed the decisions taken in the last JWG on BM that took place in New Delhi on 15-16 June 2022, particularly with respect to repair and maintenance of border pillars.

They also deliberated on issues related to trans-border criminal activities; strengthening of border infrastructure particularly ICPs, roads and railway-network; empowerment and capacity building of various security-related institutions; and ways to strengthen cooperation in disaster risk reduction and management.

The JWG on BM also reviewed progress on concluding the Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) and the working of Border District Coordination Committee (BDCC) between the two sides.

The two sides agreed to ensure that the meetings of the JWG on BM are held regularly.

The Indian delegation extended an invitation to the Nepali delegation for the next JWG on BM to be held in India next year. Mihir Kumar, joint-secretary (Border Management), Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, led the Indian delegation while Ramchandra Tiwari, joint-secretary (Security and Coordination), Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of Nepal, led the Nepali side.