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Four persons died when a Bolero jeep met with an accident near Ratanangla in Surkhet on Thursday.

The District Police Office, Surkhet said that the jeep was heading towards Kalikot from Surkhet when the tragedy occurred at Takuri Mode in Birendranagar-14 along the Surkhet-Dailekh road section at 2 am today.

Police said that the jeep fell some 100 meters down the road.

Further investigation into the incident is underway.  

Aarughat is a very ancient market town in Gorkha. Located 42 kilometers north of the Gorkha district headquarters, on the famous Manaslu trekking trail, the residents of Aarughat have evidence that the market was established there 328 years ago.

At one time, Aarughat was a larger commercial center than even the district headquarters itself. However, this bustling market started losing its charm after talks began about building the 1,200-megawatt Budhi Gandaki Hydroelectric Project.

Aarughat has a historical identity as it lies on the main trail that people from Gorkha and western hill districts used to take to reach the capital before the highway opened. Being comparatively larger than other markets on the trail from Pokhara to Kathmandu, Aarughat had a vast reputation for centuries. 

For a long time, it was renowned as the main market for the Tsum-Nubri region, which comprises over half of Gorkha district, as well as Dharche, Bhimsenthan, and Aarughat rural municipalities. The market did not lose its charm even after the Prithvi Highway, which links Pokhara with Kathmandu, was built as it was seated on the trekking trail to the famous Manaslu Circuit Trail.

Aarughat, which developed into a bustling market on the land gifted by the rulers to boatmen who helped people cross the mighty Budhi Gandaki River, has now started to wear a deserted look. When talks of building the mega reservoir project started in the 2010s, people started leaving this bustling place. The 2015 earthquakes, which floored many houses in the market, expedited the migration of people from Aarughat.

Ganesh Kumar Shrestha, a local, said most of the people from Aarughat have moved to Kathmandu. According to Shrestha, the rate of people abandoning Aarughat shot up drastically in the last five years after they received compensation for their land and houses from the project. “The well-off people already had land and houses in Kathmandu and other cities and were gradually abandoning Aarughat. The distribution of compensation expedited migration,” Shrestha added.

According to Krishna Pokharel, a local grocer, the houses of the Aarughat market used to be packed earlier. But now it looks as empty as a sheep-shed after the herd has moved on in winter.

Until a decade ago, Aarughat was a bustling market area. Businesses had occupied almost all the houses in the village. Even those who had houses in Kathmandu and Pokhara had not abandoned Aarughat. “There used to be a crowd of people going to Gorkha, Kathmandu, Pokhara, and towards the highlands every day. There would be a rush of employees and parents taking their children to schools,” Pokharel said. “But when talks of the Budhi Gandaki project started, people gradually started abandoning Aarughat. The 2015 earthquakes further compounded woes for this market.”

Now the old main market street of Aarughat has padlocks on the doors of houses on both sides. Weeds have grown over the yards of some houses, the plaster is peeling off others, and some look dilapidated. With no maintenance, the yards and porticos are overgrown like grazing meadows.

Buddha Prasad Shrestha, chairperson of Ward-9 of Aarughat Rural Municipality, said only about 50 percent of the 400 households are in Aarughat now. “It is said that Newar traders, who came from Kathmandu around 400 years ago, started their businesses in Aarughat, which was inhabited by boatmen. There are records that show this market existed 200 years ago,” Chairperson Shrestha said. “The market started expanding after people from Dharche and the Tsum-Nubri region started settling here after the 1990s.”

According to Chairperson Shrestha, the market is getting deserted because of the 2015 earthquakes and the Budhi Gandaki project. “Only those who can’t go elsewhere remain in Aarughat now,” he said. “The old main market area below the area police office is now largely deserted.”

A total of 4,035 Nepalis died abroad between the fiscal year 2020-21 and 2022-23 due to various causes. According to data from the Foreign Employment Board, 870 Nepali migrant workers suffered injuries or fell ill during this period. Over the past three years, there has been a concerning rise in the number of deaths and illnesses among Nepali migrant workers. In the fiscal 2021-22, these incidents accounted for 18.5 percent of the migrant workers, followed by 31.95 percent in 2021-22 and 49.54 percent in 2022-23. Despite falling deaths, the cases of mutilations and illness have soared over these years.

The challenges facing Nepali migrant workers include adverse weather conditions in destination countries, increased workload, liquor consumption, conflicts with colleagues, familial pressure, lack of knowledge about local laws, technical errors in handling and operation of machinery, traffic accidents, workplace incidents, burns, suffocation, drowning and illnesses, as highlighted in the report. In the last fiscal year, out of 1,250 fatalities, 27.96 percent occurred in Malaysia, followed by 26.36 percent in Saudi Arabia, 17.98 percent in the United Arab Emirates, 17.32 percent in Qatar, 6.04 percent in Kuwait and 4.43 percent in other nations. It is alarming that these fatalities occurred despite the completion of medical tests before departure.

The report has recommended the government to investigate the root causes of these deaths, conduct awareness programs and provide psychosocial counseling services to Nepali migrant workers.

The culmination of the New York Writers Workshop Kathmandu (NYWWK), Himalayan Literature Festival (HLF) concludes after a two day event full of panel discussions, book launches, poetry and fiction readings, dramatic performance and book signings. The two day festival held three concurrent sessions covering more than twenty sessions. The faculties of the NYWWK as well as participating international writers from all around the world interacted with Nepali authors on areas ranging from translation to poetry and photography to travel writing.

On May 27, the festival was officially inaugurated by Minister of Women, Children and Elderly Bhagawati Chaudhary together with the Ambassador of the United Kingdom to Nepal Rob Fenn. Minister Chaudhary applauded the initiative of Himalayan Literature Festival for organizing such literature events in Nepal, bringing writers from all around the world, inviting New York Writers Workshop and dedicating the festival to the great Nepali poet Gopal Prasad Rimal. She said, “Such festivals enhance the promotion of the entire nation through words.” Similarly, Rob Fenn recited his poem and emphasized the need for such cultural exchanges.

On the first day of the festival, sessions on Ghazal as Blues, role of big and small magazines, Nepali poetry reading, conversation with poet K Satchidananda, Home and Beyond, Culture of Silence, Nepal Bhasha poetry reading, Translation, English poetry by Nepali poets, launch of literary magazines Pratik City Issue and other five books, The Space of Nepali literature on Nepali media, Flash Fiction, Workshop on Constraint, Chance and Discovery by Ruth Danon were held. A dedicated panel discussion and reading was held in the evening on Indian Letters Now where contemporary Indian poets and writers discussed Indian writings in English.

According to the curator of the festival, Yuyutsu RD Sharma, the inaugural festival is dedicated to the great Nepali poet Gopal Prasad Rimal for his contribution to Nepali poetry and literature is immense. He said, “Rimal never compromised with the then ruthless regime. Though he faced wrong accusations, he continued to revolt against authority with his powerful poems.” Shreejana Bhandari, the director of the festival said that they are planning to continue organizing a literature festival dedicating a great Nepali poet on each edition of the festival.

More than forty five poets recited their poems, some in English, some in Nepali and some of them in Nepal Bhasha. Nepali poets like Dwarika Shrestha, Shailendra Shakar, Sita Pandey, Kishor Pahadi, Ramesh Chitiz, Shyam Rimal, Tanka Upreti, Avaya Shrestha, Amar Aakash read their poetry on contemporary issues. Other poets like Rajni Mila, Sabina Maharjan, Dr Ananda Raj, Suresh Kiran recited their Nepal bhasha poetry. Likewise Nepali poets writing in English, Bhuwan Thapaliya, Paru Timilsina, Sushant Thapa, Sameen Shakya, Tejan Subba and others performed their English poems.

Noted journalist turned author Narayan Wagle opined that the current crises in media has led to decreasing the content of literature in media. Veteran journalist Yubaraj Ghimire opined that content of literature in media depends upon the background of the editor mainly. Poet Shakuntala Joshi expressed her views that poems are getting enough space in big media though some are struggling to publish their initial works. Republica’s editor Kosh Raj Koirala opined that there are many platforms like Sahityapost to publish the works of literature. It is not a must to publish in big media to draw one’s attention.

On May 28, the festival started with workshops on metaphors by Prof Tony Barnstone, Whittier College with the workshop participant writers. The workshop followed by another on Text, Image and Sound with speakers Jami Proctor Xu, Da Mao and Jah Rose Jafta. They discussed how such elements can be incorporated and utilized in the writing crafts. Concurrently, Nepali photographer Bikas Rauniar conversed with Boston-based photographer Julie Williams-Krishnan on the Art of Photography. They discussed how photography can be a powerful tool of expression through the medium of art.

Likewise, a dedicated session on the life and times of Gopal Prasad Rimal was held with moderation of Deepak Sapkota and speakers Yuyutsu Sharma, Raj Kumar Baniya and Narayan Dhakal respectively. They discussed the contributions of Gopal Prasad Rimal and how his poetry can be representative of the then Nepali society. They also realized the need for translations of his works. Piia Mustamaki, professor of English at NYU Abu Dhabi moderated a session on travel writing with writers David Drukan, BN Joshi, Tom Lutz and Neville Sarony. They discussed their individual styles of writing travelogues and if some are more public and personal accounts. Tom Lutz shared his experience that he traveled to new places and countries where he lets the place and people there to allow him understanding of the location and culture.

Veteran Indian author Pankaj Bisht interacted with prolific Nepali author Narayan Dhakal on various themes of writing including translation, South Asian literature, world literature and their personal experiences regarding how they weave stories. The second day saw the launch of six new books written by authors such as Vinita Ramani, Yann Vagneux, Tim Tomlinson, Anish Ghimire, Sudeep Sen and SS Dogra.

Moreover, Akhanda Bhandari’s new Nepali novel Bora was discussed by the critic Ganesh Khaniya where the latter delved into the criticism of the book without spoilers. He unearthed the writing strategy that Bhandari applied while writing his book. The two spoke on how the book has tried to portray the bitter reality of dumping one’s mother at the cost of material wealth and invidualism that is growing due to modernity.

In addition, Nepali writing trends were discussed by the panelists Raj Kumar Baniya, author Shailendra Adhikaree, poet Avaya Shrestha, Amar Aakash and Bimala Tumkhewa. They discussed how increasing populism is encouraging authors to produce low quality books and how authors should take required time and make efforts to not sway with populism. They also discussed the chronicles of the past Nepali writing and how Nepali writing has increased publications in various genres such as poetry, novels and essays.

Towards the end, Rimal’s poems Bhet and Hos were dramatized and performed, paying tribute to the great Nepali poet. Likewise, poems of Yuyutsu Sharma Khachharharu, Father, Rains, poems of Ravi Shankar, Laloo the Handsome, Healthy Happy Hindoo, Exile and poems of Tony Barnstone, Roses & Death Birth were also performed creating an open theatre in the garden. The dramatization was directed by Che Shankar and produced by Garden Theatre Community.

The NYWW Kathmandu faculties and participating writers have headed towards Pokhara where they shall be writing and exercising their crafts on the natural beauty and splendor of the Lake city, historical sites, monuments of Pokhara and then towards Chitwan to delve deeper into the nature of the wildlife.