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Aa per the party’s statute, Nepali Congress President Sher Bahadur Deuba cannot run for a third consecutive term. Given his age and the intra-party dynamics, he is unlikely to take initiatives to amend the statute to remove the term limits. 

In this scenario, the stage is set for a new generation of leaders to take the reins of the party. The list of potential contenders is long and includes figures like Gagan Thapa, Shekhar Koirala, Prakash Man Singh, Bimalendra Nidhi and Purna Bahadur Khadka. But one thing is clear: As Deuba wields a majority within the party’s Central Working Committee, Parliamentary Party and Mahasamiti, securing his vote of confidence is crucial for the Congress presidential hopefuls.

Currently, all eyes are on incumbent General Secretary Gagan Thapa and the Koirala family scion Shekhar Koirala. Gagan Thapa and Shekhar Koirala were in the same camp during the 14th General Convention, but as they aspire for the top job, the distance between them is widening. 

Many insiders believe that Koirala is strategically getting closer to Deuba to clinch the party presidency. Their budding bonhomie was apparent when Koriala praised Deuba’s leadership during a TV interview.

Thapa, on the other hand, has traversed a winding path within the party. His journey, marked by alliances and shifts, has led him to his current position as the party’s general secretary. Yet, questions abound regarding his loyalty and next move.

In the 13th General Convention, where Thapa was defeated in the general secretary race, his vote helped Deuba secure the presidency. In return, Deuba appointed Thapa as the Health and Population Minister under the Cabinet of CPN (Maoist Center) Chair Puspa Kamal Dahal.

However, after the first federal election in 2017, Thapa shifted his position. Following the election, Deuba and former Deputy PM Prakashman Singh were seen as contenders for the position of parliamentary party leader. However, Thapa’s group supported Singh against Deuba’s candidate, and Singh lost in the parliamentary party’s election.

In the 14th General Convention, Thapa's ambitions became more prominent, and he aligned with the Koirala camp against Singh and Sitaula. In the Parliamentary Party election of 2023, Thapa stood against Deuba, sidelining Koirala. Before the parliamentary party's candidate selection, Shekhar's group and Thapa assured that in the upcoming leadership opportunity, they would propose Koirala for the top post. However, it now appears that Thapa is bypassing Koirala in various aspects. Still, leaders from the Shekhar-Gagan camp are trying to resolve their disputes. They propose Koirala as the party president and Thapa as the second-in-command. 

However, members from the Thapa camp say that leadership is not bestowed as a gift; it is a demand of the times, and Thapa will vie for the presidency in the 15th General Convention.

Deuba and Koirala clan

Deuba, a trustee of BP Koirala, the founding leader of Nepali Congress, and a supporter of Krishna Prasad Bhattarai, was defeated in the leadership race against Girija Prasad Koirala and Sushil Koirala. After Sushil's passing, he competed against Ramchandra Poudel and Shekhar Koirala and secured the Congress presidency on both occasions.

Shashank Koirala, who emerged as a prominent figure during the 13th General Convention, had initially supported Deuba's candidacy and continued to do so during the 14th General Convention. However, the 14th General Convention created an environment where the members of the Koirala clan—Shekhar, Shashank and Sujata— found themselves in separate camps, which ultimately benefited Deuba. Shashank now appears to be closer to Deuba, and there is a growing thaw between Deuba and Shekhar. Shashank has indicated that he is preparing to contest the 15th General Convention for the presidency, regardless of support from Shekhar or not. Shashank believes that he has a better understanding of the Congress and the challenges it faces. 

Prakash Rasaili, a leader from the Shekhar-Gagan faction, believes that despite Shashank's skills as a politician, Deuba is unlikely to hand over the party leadership to the Koirala clan. Deuba's strategy, he says, is to create divisions in the opposition camp to ensure an easy victory for his own candidate. Relations between Shashank and Thapa were not cordial during the 14th Convention, as Shashank felt he was bypassed. A leader close to Shashank says that they are cautious about Thapa potentially betraying them at any time.

Shashank Koirala, Prakash Man Singh and Bimalendra Nidhi engaged in intense discussions during the 14th General Convention of the party. With the rising prominence of BP Koirala's and Mahendranarayan Nidhi's sons in political cooperation, the NC was witnessing the emergence of a new wave.

During discussions led by the trio, they reached an agreement that one among them would run for the position of Party presidency, while the other two would provide their support. However, as the registration for candidacy approached in the first phase of the Convention, both Singh and Nidhi registered their candidacies, while Shashank supported Deuba.

During the first phase of the convention, no candidate could garner the required 51 percent of votes to secure victory. So a second round of voting took place. In the first phase, Singh received the third-highest number of votes and Nidhi secured the fourth-highest. Despite their aspirations of becoming the party president, Singh and Nidhi supported Deuba.

During this time, Deuba faced allegations of withdrawing support from Singh after making promises.

Will Khadka become Deuba's successor?

There is no certainty as to who will become the NC president, but there are some early indications. Top leaders from Deuba's camp, such as Purna Bahadur Khadka and Gopal Man Shrestha, are natural candidates for the party presidency. However, Shrestha's influence within the party is limited.

Regarding the allegations of Bal Krishna Khand's involvement in the fake Bhutanese refugee scandal, there is speculation among the opposition about Deuba's choice for his successor. This controversy has brought Khadka forward as a potential candidate from the Deuba faction. 

Badri Sigdel, the former president of Nepal Press Union, says Khadka’s experiences, including key roles during the party's previous split, as well as positions like party general secretary, vice-president, and current Deputy Prime Minister, highlight his seniority within the party. 

Deuba has not explicitly assured support to Khadka so far. This has led to a debate on Arzoo Deuba's position within the party. Leaders suggest that she is unlikely to run for party presidency but may contest for a vital office bearer position.

Congress leader Rasaili believes that despite Deuba's support, the group in which Arzoo becomes a candidate is destined for defeat. "There is no unity even within the Deuba group. Today, Deuba, who is the president and the leader of the parliamentary party, and who is likely to become the prime minister in the near future, is facing opposition from leaders within his own group. If he is not the party president tomorrow, the situation will be different. Everyone should pursue their own politics; leaders can't just follow Deuba's lead."

Sigdel holds a different opinion. He says: "Sher Bahadur Deuba, who has led the party for two terms, fought against the Koiralas in the past and has been prime minister five times, has a strong grip on the party. Without Deuba's support, no one can win the presidency, given the strong organization he has built. Even a small fraction of support from Deuba's camp can make a significant difference."

A central committee member close to Deuba says that since the Congress is currently undergoing internal reformation, there is no clear picture of who will be the candidates for the next general convention. Regarding Khadka’s chance of getting Deuba’s nod, he says: "The process of breaking up and rebuilding factions is still ongoing, so we have not reached a point where Khadka can be definitively called Deuba's successor."

Have you heard about Basu Maya Tamang? Maybe not, but I’m confident you’ve savored the exquisite ‘timur chop’ produced by her ISO-certified venture, Nepali Man Udhyog. Basu Maya, hailing from Dhading, made a brave choice to quit school and work to support her siblings. Despite her best efforts to find financial stability in Kathmandu, success eluded her. The introduction of timmur chhop, a dried pickle crafted from Nepali Pepper (Zanthoxylum armatum), transformed her fortunes.

In the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh, yogi and sadhus (Hindu holy men) wield sticks hewn from timmur tree branches to ward off negative energies. Although Basu Maya lacked such a stick, the fruit of the timmur tree seemingly shielded her from misfortune. In 2010, Basu Maya established her enterprise, now employing over 200 individuals, predominantly women, including many single women. For them, she’s a guardian, holding an invisible timmur stick, while to us, she’s the cherished ‘achar’ queen.

Observing the burgeoning market, it’s apparent that Basu Maya and her workforce and timmur pepper possess the potential to uplift countless impoverished Nepalis. However, substantial knowledge gaps hinder the exploration of numerous opportunities. While timmur’s application is primarily in pickle-making, its latent capacity extends far beyond, potentially opening the door to prosperity. Rigorous research into the medicinal and varied uses of timmur is indispensable.

Contrary to its name, timmur pepper isn’t a member of the pepper family. Instead, it emerges as a proud ambassador of Nepal’s botanical treasures. Derived from the berry husks of the Zanthoxylum armatum plant, indigenous to Nepal and the Himalayan region, timmur pepper boasts a flavor profile that is unparalleled. Its robust citrus notes, reminiscent of grapefruit, dance upon the palate, leaving behind an enchanting and distinctive tingle.

Nepal is nestled within the heart of the Himalayas and showcases a vibrant tapestry of cultural and culinary traditions. Amid this rich offering, one element shines brightly due to its unique flavor and captivating sensory experience: Timmur pepper also known as Nepali pepper. Yet, before we delve into its intriguing attributes, let’s unravel the story behind this ‘false pepper.’

As per the scientists, Nepal is home to more than eight varieties (species) of timmur, including Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC., Zanthoxylum armatum DC., Z. floribunda Wall., Z. nepalense Babu, Z. nitidum (Roxb.) DC., Z. oxyphyllum Edgew., Z. simularis Hance and Z. tomentellum Hook. We need to explore the local names of all these varieties. I can only provide a few local names like Boke-timmur, Sil-timmur, and Bhote-timmur.

The status of sichuan pepper in this category eludes me. However, as a culinary expert, I can affirm that, much like its relative sichuan pepper, timmur pepper enchants with its tingling effect rather than sheer heat. This intriguing sensation, often described as both numbing and exhilarating, distinguishes it from conventional peppers. Both timmur and sichuan peppers are celebrated as ‘false peppers,’ reshaping our perception of spiciness and beckoning us to explore a realm of flavors that transcend the ordinary.

In Nepal, timmur pepper commands an esteemed position within culinary traditions. From enhancing momos, the delightful dumplings that grace Nepali tables, to infusing thukpa, a soul-warming noodle soup, timmur pepper wields its magic, elevating dishes to new heights. Its versatility shines as it harmonizes seamlessly with chicken, fish, vegetables, and even desserts, lending an unexpected twist to ice creams and beverages.

Beyond its culinary finesse, timmur pepper is believed to harbor a multitude of potential health benefits. Packed with essential minerals such as phosphorus, manganese, copper, and iron, it contributes to robust bones and may combat age-related ailments like osteoporosis. Some traditional practices even suggest that timmur pepper could enhance circulation, alleviate pain, bolster immunity, aid digestion, and improve vision health. While these claims are captivating, it's imperative to approach them with a balanced perspective, given that scientific validation is an ongoing process.

While timmur pepper’s natural habitat lies within Himalayan forests, it has found its way onto global tables. Online platforms provide convenient access, often bundled with a user-friendly built-in grinder. Renowned brands such as McCormick Gourmet Global Selects promise a top-notch experience, bringing the essence of Nepal’s mountains right into your kitchen.

In a realm of culinary conventions, timmur pepper beckons us to embark on an exploratory journey. Its lively citrusy notes and electrifying tingling sensation provide a glimpse into Nepal’s array of exquisite and diverse flavors.

I always think that adding a bit of timmur pepper to momos, mixing it into any drink, or even using it while making fish and chips, the British National Dish, to show how special this spice is in Nepali cooking. It’s like a way of showing how much nature has to offer and how skilled the chefs are. Timmur pepper doesn’t just make the food taste better, it also captures the true Nepali cooking style that has been around for a long time. This special spice has a strong smell and taste that really represents Nepali food, and it connects the flavors to the land where it comes from. Step beyond the ordinary, indulge your senses, and savor the captivating allure of timmur pepper – an authentic taste of Nepal’s Himalayan legacy.

As a British Nepali, I frequently need to discuss Nepali cuisine globally and distinguish our culinary heritage from Indian food. Timmur helps me do that. With its unique floral aroma, tingling sensory charm, alluring appearance, and peppery zest, timmur defines Nepali cuisine.

Personally, I hold timmur in high regard—it’s a staple in my kitchen cabinet.

In Boston, Massachusetts, US, Rukmini Karki works as a senior advocate for the Asian Task Force For Domestic Violence (ATASK), a group that helps Asian victims of domestic violence. She is one of the most well-known figures in the Asian community in the US for her steadfast support for women’s empowerment and social justice.

Karki, who is of Nepali descent and was raised in India, became involved in social justice advocacy after observing various forms of cultural inequality in the society. Since 1997, she has advocated for human rights, women’s rights, and gender equality. She has a degree in law and a master’s in sociology and anthropology.

After she returned to Nepal, she began working for Plan International, where she spent four years promoting girl’s education and women’s empowerment. She worked on several gender action plans and gender equity projects like the Third Livestock Development Project before moving to the US in 2005. With nine years of experience, getting a job at ATASK was a breeze.

“Domestic abuse is particularly not seen as violence in Nepal,” says Karki as she reflects on her time working for gender equality in Nepal. “The use of physical force such as kicking or beating enjoys a strange kind of acceptance.” Immigrants from Nepal and other countries who live in the United States experience a range of abuse and violence.  In the US, she says, domestic violence is a heinous crime.  Karki fights for social change and tries to eliminate linguistic and cultural gaps in Asian communities. She is proficient in six languages, including Nepali, English, Hindi, Urdu, Bhojpuri, and Manipuri making her a valuable asset at ATASK as she can connect with non-English speakers caught in abusive relationships.

“Domestic violence is all about power and control. It can happen to anyone and it has no gender, age, or color bar,” says Karki, adding that violence doesn’t always mean physical abuse but encompasses emotional and psychological abuse as well. Based on her experience, she says that the majority of cases involve dependent visa holders, notably wives who are subjected to abuse and are threatened with deportation by their spouses. A large number of crimes go unreported because the women are anxious about their perceived inferior social and economic status in society.

Karki says domestic violence isn’t as pervasive as it is in Nepal since the process of justice is backed and subsidized by the government. She has a strong network with the government, police, medical community, legal community, and other service providers to support victims who have been physically hurt or emotionally traumatized.

Karki shares the story of one of her most striking cases, involving an Indian woman who got the helpline number of ATASK through doctors. The victim’s husband tortured her for five years.  Karki was shocked to know that the victim was kept inside the house, she had never seen a one-dollar bill and she knew little about American life. Karki taught her everything about the bus system, Uber, and other daily activities. Also, she helped her get a restraining order against her spouse.

Apart from that, she and her team have continuously assisted many people by offering free English language classes and government housing for victims during the transitional period. In cases that involve child custody, they have offered victims free attorney services, if they are unable to pay for one. What sets her team apart is knowledge about the victim’s culture and language, their focus on bridging the gap, and unequivocal and emotional support through awareness and education

With technological developments, she says, their reach has increased. She recalls how someone found her on TikTok. However, she does not always believe that technology is as helpful as it’s made out to be. She has been stalked by the abuser of one of the victims. Having learned from the experience, she now keeps herself on high alert to deal with any potential issues.  “I’m not afraid of them because this is what I have chosen to do and helping others makes me happy,” she says.  But she is often at the receiving end of a lot of animosity. She says, “I have been falsely accused of destroying families and relationships.”

She has been assisting numerous Nepalis living in the US and wants to connect with victims to provide the resources she has access to. She has also collaborated with the Centre for Women’s Awareness and Development (CWAD) to assist divorced Nepali women in claiming generational property.

Karki believes that the current lot of Nepali women leaders are incredibly strong and she values their contribution to social justice. But she also thinks there is no consistency in the fight against violence or support for the victims. As a senior advocate, she encourages everyone, especially those in positions of power, to continue with the struggle until the bitter end, regardless of the outcome.

The public, she says, should be given enough information about their rights and government initiatives about laws regarding gender-based violence. The government of Nepal should allocate a separate budget to assist victims of violence, she says. Most importantly, she wishes for a society where victims of violence can speak without inhibition. “Silence is another form of self-harm. No matter how challenging a situation might be, there are countless alternatives and resources available for support,” she says. 

Louise Kennedy’s debut novel ‘Trespasses’ is set in Northern Ireland during the 1970s when the country was going through the Troubles (an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland that lasted about 30 years from the late 1960s to 1998.) It’s a simple story that feels a little sluggish at times. Kennedy, by her own admittance, came late to fiction writing. Born a few miles outside Belfast, she spent almost three decades working as a chef, before writing the stories that made up her first book, ‘The End of the World Is a Cul de Sac’.

Cushla Lavery is 24 years old and she’s a primary school teacher in Belfast. She sometimes helps her brother, Eamonn, at the family pub, which is a regular haunt of leering and aggressive British soldiers. One day, she meets Michael Agnew. He is handsome and charming. But the Protestant barrister who defends unjustly arrested young Catholic men is also married. Michael asks Cushla to teach him and his friends to speak Irish. He takes her to an Irish-language evening and, on the way home, one thing leads to another and romance ensues.

But romance isn’t the only plotline of the novel. There are other narrative strands. Cushla’s mother is an alcoholic and there’s that mother-daughter dynamic in the story as well. Then there’s Cushla’s relationship with a boy from her class. Davy McGeown is bullied by his peers and Cushla kind of takes him under her wings. Then things come crashing down for Cushla and the narratives intersect.

Through the parallel storylines, you understand Cushla and see why she’s embarked on a forbidden relationship, despite maybe having faulted her initially. Trespasses is largely narrated in a series of vignettes with Cushla’s affair with Michael tying it all together. Violence is so normalized that it’s never actively discussed in the plot. But the threat of death, from bombs and guns, is evident on every page. Some chapters begin with news headlines about deadly explosions and arrests. You realize everything is happening in a war zone. It adds an underlying tension to the story and keeps you hooked.

This is more a character-driven story than a plot-driven one. Kennedy has fleshed out the characters really well and you find yourself empathizing with them all, even the gin-addled Gina. Cushla’s thoughts and dialogues are relatable and you will root for her despite her questionable actions in some instances. Overall, Trespasses is a beautiful and devastating novel that explores a lot of emotions.

Fiction

https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/60417483 

Trespasses

Louise Kennedy

Published: 2022

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing

Pages: 311, Paperback