Mind Matters | Unhealthy relationship issues

How can unhealthy relationship dynamics, such as emotional manipulation or constant conflict, impact the mental health of teenagers or people of any age group for that matter?  What are some signs to look for that someone might be struggling with their mental health as a result of being in unhealthy relationships?

Answered by Dr Rika Rijal, consultant psychiatrist

Unhealthy relationship dynamics, including emotional manipulation and frequent conflict, can have significant and far-reaching impacts on mental health irrespective of age. These negative interactions erode self-esteem, foster anxiety, and can contribute to feelings of isolation and depression.

Emotional manipulation often involves tactics like guilt-tripping, or using affection as a means of control. For teenagers, who are still developing their sense of identity and emotional resilience, being manipulated can lead to confusion, self-doubt, and an increased risk of depression and other mental disorders.

Similarly, constant conflict, and thus repeated exposure to arguments and hostility, whether in romantic, or family relationships, activates the body’s stress response. Chronic exposure can lead to heightened stress levels, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and increased vulnerability to mental health issues such as anxiety disorders or even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Recognizing that someone is affected by toxic relationships is crucial for timely intervention. You might notice some behavioral changes in that person. S/he may withdraw from friends and activities they once enjoyed, display irritability, or show sudden drops in academic or work performance.

You might even notice signs like persistent sadness, low self-worth, or a pervasive sense of hopelessness. Stress and emotional distress often manifest physically through unexplained headaches, or frequent illness due to a weakened immune response. People exposed to unpredictable or manipulative relationships might become overly anxious about making decisions or may doubt themselves frequently. An individual might go to great lengths to avoid situations, people, or conversations that may trigger conflict or emotional pain.

If these signs are present, it’s essential to reach out and offer support. Encouraging open dialogue and connecting the individual with mental health professionals can make a significant difference. Therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), has been shown to help people rebuild self-esteem and resilience after experiences of emotional manipulation or chronic conflict. Promoting a supportive, understanding environment is key in helping anyone affected by toxic relationships regain their mental and emotional balance.