Submit your Article

Indira IVF, recognized as India’s leading and reliable chain of IVF hospitals, manages a network of more than 120 specialized clinics across India. They have recently inaugurated their first international branch in Kathmandu, featuring advanced technology and skilled medical professionals. They aim to provide world-class facilities so that people in Nepal don’t have to travel abroad for fertility services. This initiative not only helps fulfill Nepalis’ parenthood aspirations but also aims to create opportunities and enhance skill development in Nepal.

Dr. Neha Homagain, 38, is a gynecologist, infertility expert and laparoscopic surgeon. She is currently the Center Head and Chief Fertility Specialist at Indira IVF based in Nepal. She is also among the few fertility experts recognized by the Nepal Medical Council. She trained at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York in the US, specializing in gynae oncology. Babita Shrestha from ApEx spoke to Homagain about her experience and roles at Indira IVF.

 How has global exposure enhanced your expertise in reproductive healthcare?

The training I had in gynae oncology at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York was impactful. I was not only impressed by all the facilities but also realized the significant gap between oncology and fertility. It was an eye-opener to witness patient management, care standards, and the international level of healthcare provided there. Moreover, I saw the potential for medical tourism. Memorial Sloan Kettering is known for its advanced and top-notch medical facilities and I consider myself fortunate to have had that experience.

 What distinguishes Indira IVF’s approach and success?

At Indira IVF, we have world-class facilities that set the bar high. The reason for our extensive reach, with over 120 centers in India, is the top-notch approach and impressive success rate which stands at 75-80 percent. It’s because of their precision in everything from history-taking to ultrasonography and their cutting-edge labs. This IVF facility boasts the world’s best technology, like a ‘closed working chamber’ for egg fertilization. The eggs are fertilized in a closed chamber that replicates the human body conditions like temperature, carbon dioxide, pH, and oxygen, resulting in higher embryo and pregnancy quality. It’s remarkable.

 Also to prevent mix-up in egg and sperm handling, Indira IVF has combined technology and science by introducing the Risk Identification (RI) system. This system triggers an alarm if it detects any mismatched samples. This ensures that errors are practically non-existent. Another interesting aspect is the use of Artificial Intelligence. Our eyes can miss tiny details but, with AI, specialists at Indira IVF can pinpoint the best embryos and grade them, ensuring the best possible outcomes.

 What latest scientific breakthroughs and advancements in Assisted Reproductive Technology are in use at the Indira IVF?

Indira IVF is ahead in IVF technology. They’ve got the best services, experienced embryologists, and a big research team constantly rolling out the latest technology like the Closed Working Chamber, Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection  (ICSI), and Day Five embryo blast transfer. Speaking of embryos, there are two types, Day Three and Day Five and Indira IVF goes for Day Five due to its high success rate. They even use Laser Assisted Hatching, making tiny drills in the outer cells so that when the embryo is implanted, it can easily break out and attach to the uterus. Indira IVF is all about quality injections and has a 24/7 monitoring system.

 At Indira IVF, to address issues like a low egg count, egg problems, irregular ovulation, or instances where natural pregnancy is unlikely, we employ ICSI, a more advanced version of IVF. While IVF involves placing one egg amidst many sperm for self-fertilization, ICSI takes it up by injecting a single sperm directly into one egg. This technique is particularly beneficial in cases of male infertility with a low sperm count, enabling men to have their genetic offspring.

 In what ways does Indira IVF contribute to facilitating skill development in Nepal?

Through Indira Fertility Academic, a well-known fertility training center, over 400 embryologists have received training in India. For Nepal, this means that doctors or neurologists can undergo training at Indira IVF and return to contribute their expertise, bridging the manpower gap in the field in their country. 

How does Indira IVF make services accessible to a wide range of people?

Our price list is set to be inclusive, welcoming everyone from different economic backgrounds whether low-income or middle-class. Our services are not just affordable but also rooted in research, making them accessible to a wide range of people. And for those with lower incomes who might struggle with the costs, we offer discounts on various facilities.

What can be done if a couple has issues in conceiving?

If a couple, despite having unprotected sex, faces difficulty in conceiving, it’s important to acknowledge it as a potential infertility issue. The crucial first step is to consult a doctor because fertility issues can be complex and affect both partners. Seeking early medical advice can allow for simpler treatments, addressing hormonal imbalances or egg-related problems but delaying consultation might result in missed opportunities. 

In today’s context, modern technology provides empowerment, offering options like egg freezing. Since biological clocks and career plans aren’t always in sync, as a specialist, I recommend you freeze those eggs and sperm. When the time is right and you are with your partner of choice, you’re good to go for making healthy babies. Quality tends to drop with age, so it’s about being a step ahead.

Nepal is currently going through a host of political and social challenges. Major political parties are struggling to find a consensus as the National Assembly election nears, the long drawn-out transitional justice process is nowhere near complete, brain- and labor-drain continues, corruption cases are thriving and the people’s faith in political parties and state institutions is diminishing. In this context.  Kamal Dev Bhattarai, Akhanda Bhandari, Shambhu Kattel and Surendra Kafle talked to CPN-UML Chairman KP Sharma Oli on a wide range of issues, including the party’s Sankalpa Yatra (Resolution March) from Jhulaghat in the far west Nepal to Chiwabhanjang in the east. The  principal purpose of this march was to analyze the prevalent issues and challenges facing the mid-hill region and the country at large. Excerpts.  

The UML recently completed its Sankalpa Yatra, and you actively participated in the march. What was the purpose behind this initiative?

Our journey took us through the mid-hill region of Nepal, where our primary focus was to analyze the prevalent issues and challenges facing the region. Additionally, we aimed to explore the potential opportunities, identify obstacles hindering their realization and devise strategies to address them. The campaign also played a pivotal role in fostering stronger local relationships while simultaneously conveying our message on a national level.

What was the response of the people?

Contrary to the dissatisfaction often observed in urban areas, the people of the mid-hills exhibit a different perspective. Their narratives differ significantly from those residing in Kathmandu. The skepticism and aversion towards the political system prevalent in urban centers are not mirrored in rural areas. There seems to be a lack of inclination to embrace unfounded beliefs.

How do you assess the strength of the current political alliance?

Our primary objective is to secure a majority in the upcoming 2080 BS (2027) elections. Following the 2022 elections, we initially placed our trust in the Maoist Chairman Pushpa Kamal Dahal, only to be disappointed by his dishonesty. Despite our proposal to Nepali Congress President Sher Bahadur Deuba for a joint government, he opted for a minority government. In supporting the Shekhar Koirala faction with only eight seats in the Koshi Province, we witnessed the opportunistic nature of Nepali Congress, a party historically known for betrayal. Even the late Sushil Koirala had betrayed our trust. Our experiences with Dahal, Deuba, Koirala, and Kedar Karki have reinforced our perception of their honesty—or lack thereof.

You criticize the current government for ruining the country, yet you claim not to be attempting to change it. Isn't this contradictory?

While we acknowledge the detrimental impact of the current government on the nation, the reality is that we hold 80 seats and require 138 seats to form a new government. Changing the government is not solely within our control; various factors are at play. Our ability to bring about change is constrained by these factors. The current situation is exceptionally critical, with dissatisfaction evident in various aspects—social, economic, political, cultural, foreign, and environmental. Despite our vocal disapproval of the current government, the practical challenge lies in attaining the necessary 138 seats.

How confident are you about returning to power?

My personal interest in returning to power is minimal. Engaging in the political arena to save the government would likely be met with opposition. Those opposing forces would attempt to thwart my efforts, making governance challenging. My belief is that the resilience and patriotism of the Nepali people, demonstrated historically in their confrontation with the British forces using khukuri, will save this country.

You recently mentioned the issue of the ‘business of identity’. Could you elaborate on that?

Some people are running this ‘business of identity’, rooted in fostering hatred. It was initially instigated by the Maoists. But they are no longer openly claiming responsibility. However, they continue to be involved in this business through proxy forces. A meeting chaired by the prime minister takes the decision (to select the name of the province). Votes are cast accordingly. Later they say the decision should be reconsidered. How can such an individual govern the province? The conduct of the Koshi chief minister, who avoids mentioning ‘Koshi Province’, has raised questions about the Nepali Congress as well. Which forces is he trying to appease by not pronouncing the province’s name? How can such an individual govern the province?

But wasn’t it UML which supported his bid for the post of chief minister?

We supported his chief ministerial bid with the intention of promoting positive governance, not to engage in disruptive activities. We did not support him to disturb communal harmony.

Do you believe you made a mistake by supporting the chief minister of Koshi?

No, we do not consider it a mistake. The decision was made under unique circumstances. No party had a majority in the provincial assembly, and some forces were trying to stop us. We supported him as he promised to work in a positive way. However, he displayed dishonesty soon after taking office. His dishonest character became evident shortly after he secured a vote of confidence.

The developments in Koshi seem to parallel the situation at the center. UML supported someone to form the government, but you are not part of it. Was this a miscalculation on UML’s part?

It is not a significant issue, and we have not taken any benefit from it. The Nepali Congress has consistently demonstrated dishonesty on critical occasions. Deuba had minimal chances of becoming prime minister on his own. Other forces, including the Maoists, supported him to secure the position. Despite publicly committing to appoint Dahal as prime minister after the election, Deuba reneged on his promise.

Deuba avoided discussions with us. His plan was to stall the process until 5 pm, and make a claim for the prime minister’s position. But he was unlikely to get a vote of confidence. This would mean a midterm election. We supported Dahal to avoid that. Unfortunately, Dahal also failed to demonstrate honesty in his leadership.

Prime Minister Dahal, whose party has only 32 seats in parliament, has been claiming that his government will last for five years. What do you think is behind his confidence?

Dahal is in a seemingly ‘comfortable’ situation. Initially, we were not in favor of his leadership, and external forces did not actively support him in becoming prime minister. We supported him with the intention of steering national politics in the right direction, but he betrayed our trust. Forces that opposed the country’s development now have the upper hand. Dahal started becoming ‘comfortable’ for them.

Is there a possibility of left unity?

Left unity has already been evident, and that’s why UML stands as the most popular party. Certain forces cannot be termed ‘left’ based solely on their name. A party toeing the line of Nepali Congress and failing a leftist government with two-thirds majority cannot be considered leftist. A force growing comfortable with foreign influences cannot claim to be a leftist, nor patriotic.

‘Oli-phobia’ is the term assigned to those who do not agree with you. Why do you think foreign forces and senior party leaders fear you?

I leave the analysis of this ‘phobia’ to others. However, there must be a reason for it. It could be due to my unwavering stance on national interests. Another factor is my lack of personal greed; I prioritize only national interests. I anticipated my government’s failure when signing a transit treaty with China and understood that my stay in power would be challenged when publishing a new map, reclaiming land encroached upon by others. I strongly believe in maintaining friendly conduct with our neighbors. And I expect the same in return.

Will the UML contest the 2027 election independently?

Yes, we will contest the election independently.

What if the Maoists propose forming a coalition?

We will still contest independently.

Recently, there has been a rise in forces advocating for reinstatement of monarchy and the Hindu state. How does UML view these movements?

They are talking about religion but they have a criminal motive. Killings and bloodshed cannot be a religion. In the 21st century, it is inappropriate to advocate for a state favoring one religion over others. Nepal is a country for everyone. Regarding the monarchy, there is no substantial discussion warranted for its return, since it ended with the tragic massacre of King Birendra’s family. With no one from his dynasty remaining, the continuation of monarchy is not a viable consideration.

Top three leaders are meeting regularly these days. What is happening with the transitional justice issue?

The concern here is that those responsible for past atrocities are now positioned as ‘judges’. The individuals in power were once perpetrators, involved in acts of torture, oppression, bombing and openly taking claims for the death of 5,000 people. How can we expect impartial judgments from those with a history of perpetrating such actions? Individuals involved in past atrocities should not be in positions of power if we are to take the pace process to a logical conclusion. UML is for concluding the transitional justice process, but the prime minister and his party is causing the hindrance.

What are the stances of the Maoists and UML on ending the transitional justice process, and what are the contentious issues?

The Maoist party aims to conclude the process by neglecting the suffering of victims, whereas the UML is for concluding the process by prioritizing justice for the victims. The key issue lies in addressing the grievances of the victims, ending impunity, and establishing the truth before moving towards reconciliation.

Does this suggest a decrease in the chances of the transitional justice process reaching a resolution?

The resolution depends on the prime minister’s stance. While the UML is clear on its position, Prime Minister Dahal aims to conclude the process without adequately addressing the grievances of the victims. 

Several major scandals, such as gold smuggling, Lalita Niwas land grab and Bhutanese refugee scam surfaced but soon dissipated. Why is this happening?

Our initial plan was to probe gold smuggling by forming a three-member judicial commission. However, attempts were made to exert influence on the case, leading to the addition of another member. It is unlikely that this commission, shaped by external interference, will deliver justice as originally intended.

The management of Bhutanese refugees was a significant problem for Nepal. I held talks with US President Bush and Foreign Secretary Condoleeza Rice for resettlement of the refugees. In 2006, the US expressed commitment for the resettlement of refugees. After signing necessary agreements, we began sending the refugees to the US in 2008. The US agreed to accommodate 60,000 refugees and initiate necessary measures for the resettlement of the remaining others.

Some even suggested your involvement in these scams. What do you say?

Our role was limited while sending refugees to third countries. Those who sent other people in the guise of Bhutanese refugees should be made accountable. The accusations of involvement in wide-body aircraft purchase are baseless. We only released the last installment to the supplier on the basis of agreement reached by the previous government. It’s not that we raised the installment and pocketed money.

What about the UML’s involvement in Giribandhu Tea Estate?

Initially, the tea estate was allotted 51 bighas of land, followed by an additional 19 bighas on the second occasion. People involved allegedly pocketed commissions during this process. The anti-graft body advised the government that land allocation should only occur through the enactment of relevant laws. Consequently, we initiated the drafting of the necessary law and regulations. Once the law came into force, the process of land allocation ended altogether.

What about UML’s preparation for the National Assembly election?

We have fewer votes. Our success hinges on garnering support from others. Otherwise, we will not win.

Rajin Maharjan, a filmmaker based in Kathmandu, has been in the spotlight since 2010 when he started working as a visual editor and animator. Transitioning seamlessly into creative writing and ad film direction, he has become a sought-after creative director in Nepal, particularly for social development organizations.

 Maharjan is dedicated to the promotion of Nepal Bhasa, adding a culturally resonant layer to his creative portfolio. Through captivating advertisement songs and other innovative approaches, he contributes to the preservation and promotion of Nepal Bhasa, showcasing its richness and relevance in contemporary storytelling. In a conversation with Evana Manandhar from ApEx, Maharjan spoke about his creative journey and cinematic expertise and his wish to shape the landscape of Nepali filmmaking through interesting collaborations.

 What are the challenges faced by Nepali cinema that limit its global exposure?

 Nepali cinema faces several challenges that limit its exposure and appeal beyond its borders. One significant obstacle is the industry’s limited visibility on the global stage, hindering its capacity to reach a broader international audience. Production quality, encompassing aspects like cinematography and special effects, poses another challenge.

Despite language differences, successful Hindi and South Indian films have demonstrated that compelling storytelling and high production values can transcend linguistic boundaries. The Nepali film industry has to actively address language concerns through measures such as subtitling or dubbing. The industry’s limited participation in major international film festivals and difficulties in securing international distribution hinder its market access.

Nepali cinema could benefit from international collaborations, improved film education, strategic marketing, diversification of themes, and continued government support. Active participation in international film festivals can also enhance visibility and facilitate distribution deals. The industry needs to adapt and implement these strategies to enhance its global presence.

Do you have some advice for aspiring filmmakers in Nepal?

Begin by investing in a comprehensive education in filmmaking, mastering the various aspects such as directing, scriptwriting, cinematography, and editing. Networking is equally important, as establishing connections within the industry through events, festivals, and workshops can lead to collaboration and mentorship.

Start with smaller projects to gain practical experience. Use digital platforms like YouTube and Vimeo to showcase your work globally. Stay attuned to industry trends and technologies, incorporating them into your craft. Actively seek collaborations, value feedback, and be open to constructive criticism. Attend film festivals, both locally and internationally, to gain exposure and recognition. Craft stories that are authentic to Nepali culture yet possess universal themes. Understand the business aspects of filmmaking, including funding and distribution, and consider seeking mentorship from experienced professionals. Persistence, resilience, and a willingness to learn from failures are essential qualities on the path to success. Embrace technology to your advantage, taking advantage of affordable equipment and editing software. Most importantly, maintain a passion for storytelling and a commitment to continuous improvement, as success in the film industry often stems from a combination of talent, hard work, and strategic planning.

How do you stay connected with your audience and receive feedback for your work?

Staying connected with the audience and receiving feedback is important to improve my skills. Feedback channels include community forums, where discussions provide insights into audience reactions, and dedicated feedback platforms that allow for more structured input. Informal channels such as comments on social media or conversations with friends contribute to understanding how my work resonates with viewers.

I recognize that feedback is inherently diverse, reflecting individual perspectives and preferences. Comments may encompass a wide range of opinions, including those with liberal viewpoints. This diversity of feedback is invaluable in gauging audience reactions, identifying strengths and weaknesses in my storytelling, and refining my artistic approach.

Engaging with audiences on social media platforms allows for direct interaction, fostering a sense of connection and providing a platform for fans to express their thoughts. Whether positive or constructive criticism, this feedback helps me understand the impact of my work and guides decisions for future projects.

How do you see the future of Nepal Bhasa in the context of your work and the broader cultural landscape?

The language’s future is intrinsically tied to audience engagement and support, as sustained interest and appreciation for content in Nepal Bhasa can encourage its continued use in creative works. Educational initiatives, including its inclusion in curricula, and government and institutional support for linguistic diversity are vital factors that can shape the language’s trajectory. The digital era offers opportunities for Nepal Bhasa to reach a global audience through subtitled or dubbed content on digital platforms, fostering a broader understanding and appreciation. Collaboration, adaptability in storytelling, and a commitment to cultural preservation are key elements that can collectively contribute to ensuring a vibrant future for Nepal Bhasa.

What challenges do you face in promoting Nepal Bhasa, and how do you address them creatively?

One significant challenge lies in the potential limited audience reach, as the language is specific to the Newar community. To address this, I explore innovative storytelling techniques and themes that resonate universally, ensuring that the cultural richness conveyed through Nepal Bhasa becomes an accessible and engaging experience for a broader audience. Another challenge is the need for subtitles or dubbing to make the content inclusive. Collaborating with skilled translators and voice actors who can maintain linguistic nuances and cultural authenticity is important. Limited financial resources is another hurdle in the production of films or projects in Nepal Bhasa. I would seek creative financing solutions, such as crowdfunding campaigns or partnerships with cultural organizations that share a commitment to preserving linguistic diversity. 

Sajan Lamichhane has been the official photographer for the Cricket Association of Nepal (CAN) for two years now. He has his own studio ‘Sajan Photography’ under the banner of which he covers various events. He has five years of experience in photography. He is only 22 years old and is currently enrolled in college. 

Lamichhane’s love for photography started when he was in school, in the fourth grade to be particular. They had some visitors from Poland who showed cameras to the students and let them take some pictures. Lamichhane was enthralled. He wanted to own a camera. Fast forward a few years and he had saved every spare paisa to buy a DSLR camera. At 17, he started working as a photojournalist for Online Pana. He worked for Routine of Nepal Banda (RoNB) too. 

As the official photographer of CAN, he feels he has been able to make a mark through his work. He knows he has a long way to go, but he is proud of how far he has come. The photograph he captured of a fan holding Nepal’s flag in the crowd during the Nepal vs UAE match garnered much appreciation. It was featured by various international media and the International Cricket Council (ICC) and many prominent figures posted it on their social media as well. “That one photograph changed how people saw me and my work. It was a defining moment in my career,” he says. 

Lamichhane’s foray into photography came unexpectedly. He was always a nerdy kid who excelled in academics. Since most of his relatives were preparing for the Public Service Commission examination, his parents had the same expectations from him. He went against their will when he decided to pursue photography. But his hard work has proved his mettle and his parents, he says, are now supportive of his decision. 

As a photographer, he believes his job is to tell a story and tell it well. Cricket photography is not just about taking photos of the players in action but it’s also about capturing the myriad emotions of the placers and viewers alike. It can be challenging, he says, given the high adrenaline situation and the fact that he has to keep his biases aside and celebrate every win.

There has been a moment when he has been unable to hold back his tears on the field. Witnessing Nepal’s qualifier win after 12 long years was overwhelming and he had to remind himself to keep working, that he couldn’t stop long enough to let crucial moments pass. Lamichhane believes in giving every player their moment to shine through his shots. Every match is unique and there are highs and lows and he believes photos can highlight the best aspects of it, and that’s what he focuses on. For this, he says, he has to be alert every second of the match.  

He’s been involved in matches ranging from the grassroots to the international level, documenting events such as the ODI Series 2022, Nepal T20, ICC Men’s Cricket World Cup League 2, PM Cup, and others. His dedication earned him the ‘Commitment Award’ from Monty Desai, the Indian professional cricket coach who is currently the head coach of Nepal national team. 

Despite an intense work schedule, his love for photography fuels him and keeps him going. “A major challenge in sports photography is expensive equipment and gear and there is no budget for it,” he says. But he says he has always managed to get his hands on whatever he needs to take good shots. He has borrowed equipment from friends or taken out loans to buy them himself.

Apart from good gear, a sound knowledge of sports is also necessary to take good photos of any sporting event. So Lamichhane constantly updates himself on what’s happening in the global arena. This helps him keep his eyes open for defining moments in a sports person’s life. 

Besides sports photography, which is his primary focus, he finds joy in street photography as well as capturing portraits. A good photo, he says, is hard work. You have to find the right angle and lighting and capture the emotion as well. People need to feel something when looking at a photo and Lamichhane wants people to connect with his work. 

Photography is a challenging but rewarding field, he says, and for those who want to pursue photography he only has one thing to say: “Be ready to learn and evolve. Your photography can be outdated if you always follow old, tried and tested ways.”