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“Yatra Naryastu Pujyate Tatra Ramante Devata,” goes one of the lines of Bhagwad Geeta, which translates to wherever women are honored and respected, every god we worship is happy. From the time immemorial women have been defined as homemakers; they say home is where a mother is. 

While most families in Nepal are strongly patriarchal, the role of women cannot be overlooked when it comes to keeping families together. But women actually are capable of doing a lot more besides home and family fronts. Women have just started claiming their place. As they begin to assert their status, they don’t have it easy. They want equal rights and opportunities.  Article 18 of Part 3 of the Constitution of Nepal mentions the ‘Right to Equality’ under Fundamental Rights and Duties. This ‘right,’ however, is limited to paper. Nepali girls and women still experience severe socioeconomic inequality in spite of the efforts made by the Government of Nepal, non-governmental organizations and civil society organizations. 

Yes, the gender stereotypic school of thought has changed over time and womens are taking the lead on major areas, but there is still some residual discrimination hindering women’s growth. But their perseverance for equal rights and opportunities has not dwindled. Nepal is experiencing a significant rise in women led businesses, challenging old stereotypes and breaking new ground.  Women contribute fresh perspectives, creative ideas and unconventional thinking to the workplace, which can inspire firms to think creatively and make better judgements. The financial advantages are another factor that makes women in business essential. 

A Google and Bain company study predicts that by 2030, women entrepreneurs could create 150-170m jobs driven by better education, increased digital technological use and supportive programmes that empower their physical and mental well being. But still when it comes to investment in women, be it in education or business, a large part of Nepali society still looks askance. The gap in investment towards women empowerment and development has contributed to gender inequality and disparity. Nepal is all set to graduate from Least Developed Country (LDC) status in 2026, a process that will create new opportunities for economic growth and integration with the global economy. But the graduation also creates new challenges in terms of where the genders of the nation stands. Nepal needs to step up its efforts to elevate the status of its women. Improved quality of lives in women of Kathmandu isn’t what women empowerment is all about; the overall status of women around the country needs to be improved. 

A survey conducted by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) in 2023 found that 85 percent of women were unpaid workers, whereas 40 percent of them were inactive in economic sectors. Nepal still stands second among South Asiain countries in child marriage and has high prevalence of violence and trade on women. The vulnerability is still there while we raise awareness about feminism and women empowerment. Even with many notable improvements and changes, challenges still persist for Nepali women to assert their rights and gain equal treatment in society and in the worlds of career and business.  

Women struggle to obtain business capital and frequently experience discrimination. The gender gap in financial literacy is a noteworthy issue, with women typically having less understanding than men about managing their finances. Nonetheless, success stories in a variety of fields demonstrate the tenacity of Nepali women and point to a movement in the direction of empowerment. With so many chances and challenges ahead of them, Nepali women entrepreneurs must embrace financial literacy, make use of technology, connect with supportive networks, and participate in government initiatives. By remaining knowledgeable, flexible and strong, female entrepreneurs can grow their companies and make a substantial economic contribution to Nepal. There is plenty of promise for the future and women leaders can achieve incredible success and inspire future generations. 

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff team, led by Tidiane Kinda, conducted a staff visit to Nepal during Feb 5-12 to discuss recent macroeconomic developments and the implementation of the Fund-supported program .

At the conclusion of the visit, Kinda said Nepal’s external position continues to strengthen on the back of buoyant remittances, increasing tourism activity, subdued imports, and inflation is decreasing.

Weak domestic demand, large outward migration, and low credit growth despite monetary relaxation continue to weigh on near-term economic growth. Enhancing domestic revenue mobilization and accelerating the execution of capital expenditure will provide needed support to growth while securing fiscal sustainability, he says. 

According to him, increased vigilance on banks’ asset quality and stepped-up supervisory efforts are important to preserve financial stability in view of growing non-performing loans. “The medium-term economic outlook remains favorable, as strategic investments in infrastructure, especially in the energy sector, are expected to support potential growth.

The statement issued by Kinda says: The upcoming Investment Summit presents an opportunity to showcase Nepal’s economic potential. Timely reforms to durably improve the investment climate will help take full advantage of the Summit and pave the way to stronger growth in the future.

“The authorities’ ongoing efforts in meeting key commitments under the Fund-supported program, with the support of IMF’s technical assistance, are welcome. Performance under the program will be formally assessed in the context of the fourth review of the Extended Credit Facility, which is expected to take place in the middle of the year.”

The IMF team held meetings with the Minister of Finance Prakash Sharan Mahat, the Nepal Rastra Bank Governor, Maha Prasad Adhikari, the National Planning Commission Vice-chair Min Bahadur Shrestha, and other senior government and central bank officials. The IMF team also met with representatives from the private sector and development partners.

The Nepal Airlines Corporation is facing several economic crises due to the severe mismanagement, irregularities, and mismanagement. 

In this context, a report prepared by a committee headed by the former governor of Nepal Rastra Bank, Dipendra Bahadur Chhetri, has come up with a slew of recommendations to improve the national flag carrier. 
The long-term debt of the NAC stands at Rs 47bn. Looking at the current situation, it seems that the corporation will not be debt-free; in fact, it is likely to carry more debt. The report states that if  the NAC continues to operate this way, it will not be able to pay its debt.

According to the report released by the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation, even if new aircraft are added to its fleet, it will take a long time for the NAC to pay off its loans. To free the corporation from debt and make it profitable, the Chhetri-led committee recommends several solutions, such as converting into a corporate company by collaborating with strategic partners and dividing the company into three entities. 

The committee suggests that once the corporation is turned into a company limited, it can allocate shares up to a maximum of 40 percent to strategic partners. The committee recommends that the Ministry of Finance should hold 26 percent of the total shares and the Ministry of Tourism 25 percent. It also advises allocating shares to organizations and employees. 

The committee has further suggested forming a board of directors with seven members, chaired by the secretary of the Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation. The members include representatives from the airlines, Ministry of Finance, strategic partners, and aviation experts.

As for dividing the company, the committee suggests breaking it into three parts: parent (holding) company, international flight subsidiary company, and domestic flight subsidiary company.
The committee states that the parent company should provide aviation-related professional training, maintenance and repair of aircraft and related equipment, ground service operation, catering arrangements, and technical and other services to the subsidiary companies as needed.

By dividing the role and responsibility, the committee reckons that the management and operation of the airlines will be more streamlined and effective.  

Five-year-old Reeyaz Pudasaini embodies a generation absorbed in virtual realms. His leisure hours are dominated by mobile games, a habit spanning several years. Struggling academically and frequently embroiled in conflicts, he has become a recluse, avoiding any companionship. “I am comfortable alone,” he shares. “I get mad whenever my parents or siblings bother me.”

The allure of digital victories on mobile games has consumed him, replacing human connections. His digital addiction has blurred the line between reality and the virtual world.  Recognizing the seriousness of his behavior, a school counselor is trying to help Reeyaz adjust his attitude and make him more sociable. These days, he is taking up guitar and swimming lessons.

The story of Reeyaz is far from unique, with a prevailing trend seen across the country.  A parallel narrative emerges through Arika Dahal's story. Obsessed with online appearance and popularity, the twelve-year-old began contemplating cosmetic surgery to fix her nose and lips. Worried, her parents had to take her to a counselor.  

“She used to be the top student in her class,” says her father Anjan. “Her descent started after I made the mistake of giving her a mobile phone. She got hooked into TikTok which gave her the idea about beauty standards.”

In a world where self-alteration is just a click away, reality distorts. With the help of her counselor Arika is on the journey to self-acceptance, signaling a transformation from distorted self-perception to embracing one's uniqueness.  The tales of Reeyaz and Arika demonstrate how modern parents are enabling the digital addiction of their children by handing them smartphones at a very young age. They do not realize that the damaging allure of screens beckons even the youngest ones. 

In a paradoxical pursuit of solace, parents furnish the tech-enabled stimuli to their children that inadvertently subvert their growth. Experts decry this parental blind spot, urging due diligence in curating a virtual milieu befitting the developmental contours of the young minds. They say by fostering open conversations, parents can facilitate healthy digital practices, allowing children to explore while safeguarding their emotional well-being.

“Parents and teachers should be aware about the cognitive disorders of excess social media use on children. They must teach children safe online practices,” says Namrata Thapa, child psychologist.  “Children who spend too much time using online media may be exposed to a subtype of behavior known as Problematic Internet Use. Heavy gamers are at risk for Internet gaming disorder, where they have little interest in real-life or real-life relationships.”

Adolescents ensnared in the digital labyrinth exhibit anemic predilections for offline interactions, distorting the primal tenets of socializing. This curious paradox augments vulnerability, perpetuating a vicious cycle wherein the digital shelter belies a subtler kind of isolation.

Technology’s impact stretches beyond the psychological realm. The invasion of smartphones into sleep patterns affect young minds that require rejuvenation. The ergonomic impact, manifesting in neck and back discomfort, mirrors an unhealthy lifestyle driven by screen time.

In the world woven with digital threads, a generation's fate hangs precariously. As guardians, as society, the responsibility is clear: to tether children's soaring dreams and boundless curiosity to the shores of informed guidance. The digital realm is a canvas of both possibility and peril, which demands vigilance, dialogue, and above all, the preservation of childhood's innocence.

Things to do for your child’s digital wellbeing:

• Be aware of online risks: Parents and guardians should be aware of the risks associated with children using online platforms. Teach children about online safety, privacy settings, and responsible behavior on social media.

• Age-appropriate content: Ensure that children are exposed to age-appropriate content on the internet. Guide your children in using technology and consuming content that is suitable for their age.

• Promote balanced screen time: Encourage a healthy balance between online and offline activities. Excessive screen time can have negative effects on physical and mental health.

• Balance social media use: Instead of outright banning social media, teach children how to use it responsibly and safely. Discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of social media use.

Encourage offline activities: Encourage children to engage in outdoor activities, hobbies, and real-life interactions to foster a healthy balance between online and offline experiences.

The Kathmandu Metropolitan City (KMC) has prohibited commercial buildings and hospitals from imposing parking fees. This provision was introduced via the metropolitan city’s annual budget speech.

Under the new policy, business establishments must offer complimentary parking to customers using services within the same premises. According to this regulation, parking fees cannot be charged by hospitals, private markets, restaurants, or malls. Nabin Manandhar, spokesperson for the KMC, clarified that no charge will apply if individuals work in the same building or utilize stalls within it. However, a fee would be imposed if one is using the space merely for parking.

Rajani Khanal shared with ApEx her experience of being charged Rs 450 for 3 hours of parking at a multiplex to watch a movie. When she informed the parking staff about KMC charges and regulations, they showed here a printed announcement from the respective wards, suggesting these regulations didn't apply there. Effective implementation of this rule by the ward offices is crucial for its consistent application across the KMC. The disregard of the regulations by the ward offices is worrying.

In the past, business establishments were free to set parking charges on their own. These rates would often surpass KMC rates. Furthermore, hospitals were observed charging parking fees that exceeded their premises' designated costs by over four times. Despite local authorities' commitment to alleviate parking challenges in the valley, the problem is worsening due to the growing vehicle numbers and persistent traffic congestion. This especially impacts short-term parking, particularly for four-wheelers. Locating parking spaces in areas like Durbarmarg, New Road, Narayanchaur, Bagbazar, Balkhu, and Sorhakhutte has become nearly impossible.

 KMC has introduced differential rates depending on the location. Zone No. 1 encompasses areas like New Road, Dharmapath, Kantipath, Durbar Marg, inner urban areas, Tripureshwar, Ratnapark, Bhotahiti, Kesharmahal, Lainchaur, and other central Kathmandu locations. Similarly, areas beyond Zone No. 1 are designated as Zone No. 2. 

Here, parking fees are half the rates of Zone No. 1. People have to pay Rs 15 per hour for two-wheelers, Rs 40 per hour for four-wheelers, and Rs 100 per hour for larger vehicles in Zone No. 2. However, parking attendants are charging arbitrary rates and also showing reluctance to provide receipts after payment. The neighboring Lalitpur Metropolitan City has implemented the parking fee policy within its jurisdiction. Therefore, Kathmandu Metropolitan City should collaborate with ward offices to address these issues.

An International Monetary Fund (IMF) staff team, led by  Tidiane Kinda, conducted a staff visit to Kathmandu during July 20-26 to discuss recent macroeconomic developments and the implementation of the Fund-supported program. 

During the visit, the team discussed with Nepal government officials on the various aspects of Nepal’s current economic situation. At the end of the visit, Kinda said that following an economic slowdown last year, growth is projected to rebound in FY 2023/24, inflation is expected to recede, and the external position will continue to strengthen.

Cautious and data-driven monetary policy has set an appropriate stance to maintain price and external stability. Continued vigilance on banks’ asset quality and stepping up supervisory efforts remain key to preserving financial stability, he said.  Prudent execution of the 2023/24 budget is crucial to secure fiscal sustainability. Implementing measures envisaged in the 2023/24 budget would improve the efficiency of capital expenditure, he added. 

“The authorities’ ongoing efforts in meeting key commitments under the Fund-supported program, with the support of IMF’s technical assistance, are welcome.”  Performance under the program will be formally assessed in the context of the third review of the Extended Credit Facility, which is expected to be undertaken later this year, he added.