Residential housing loans have shown sluggish growth despite banks and financial institutions (BFIs) prioritizing the sector and offering competitive rates.
According to the latest data from the Nepal Rastra Bank, housing loans up to Rs 20m extended by commercial banks increased by just 4.07 percent over the past year, reflecting the broader slowdown in credit expansion and the economy.
Total housing loans under Rs 20m increased to Rs 325.36bn in mid-May 2025, up from Rs 312.63bn in mid-May last year. This reflects a low appetite for residential borrowing even though interest rates have dropped to some of the lowest levels yet.
Although banks are offering home loans at premiums of less than one percent above their base rates, credit disbursement has remained below expectations. Bankers say that although housing and real estate loans are a top priority, weak consumer confidence and sectoral distress have hindered credit uptake.
The Nepal Rastra Bank (NRB) has been adopting more flexible policies to boost lending in the real estate sector. The central bank last year reduced the risk weight on housing loans above Rs 5m to 125 percent through a monetary policy review. It allowed homebuyers to use up to 70 percent of their income for loan repayment—principal and interest combined. Before that, only 50 percent of a borrower’s income could be allocated for loan installment payments.
Bankers attribute the slowdown primarily to the ongoing economic downturn, which has dampened individual income and weakened borrowing capacity. “The majority of people can no longer verify stable income sources, making it difficult to qualify for new loans,” one banker said.
Among commercial banks, NIC Asia Bank has the highest exposure to residential housing loans with Rs 48.7bn invested in loans under Rs 20m. Global IME Bank was next with a total housing loan portfolio of Rs 39.94bn. Nepal SBI Bank has the lowest at Rs 2.42bn.
The real estate sector itself is going through a severe downturn, with banks failing to offload their non-banking assets despite publishing auction notices repeatedly. When borrowers default on loans, banks and financial institutions (BFIs) acquire the property pledged as collateral. Banks are supposed to sell off these properties at the earliest and recover their investment, but a slowdown in the real estate sector means banks are not finding buyers. This accumulation of non-banking assets is hitting bank profitability.
