In contemporary Nepali society, there is a widespread belief that honest politicians are essential for progress. While Nepal has historically been home to many selfless and dedicated leaders, the country still lacks politicians who approach politics with a sense of sacrifice, prioritizing the nation and its citizens above all else. Mahendra Narayan Nidhi stands out as one such rare figure. Kishore Nepal’s book, Nepal Kaa Nidhi, made it easier to capture the essence of Nidhi’s personality and contributions in this narrative.
A practitioner of Gandhian ideals
Mahendra Narayan Nidhi was born in February 1922 into a prominent family in Nagarain, a village located about 14 kilometers south of Janakpur near the Indian border. Despite his family’s comfortable financial standing, his upbringing mirrored that of an average child in the Madhesi community. With no schools in Nagarain or nearby villages, Nidhi was unable to attend formal education during his early years. His father, Rajeshwar Nidhi, taught him the basics of literacy at home. After primary education, Nidhi studied Sanskrit under the guidance of priests in the neighboring village of Jatahi. Later, he familiarized himself with the laws and regulations of Nepal’s judicial system before joining his father in business. Through his travels to various villages for work, Nidhi gained a deep understanding of the realities of Madhesi society.
Despite lacking a formal degree, Nidhi developed a strong sense of social awareness early on. His leadership journey began after the Nepali Congress’s Janakpur convention in 1953, where he played a pivotal role in expanding the party’s organizational reach in the Mahottari region.
Nidhi is often regarded as one of Nepal’s Gandhian leaders. Inspired by Gandhi’s independence movement in India and influenced by leaders like Jayaprakash Narayan (JP) and Ram Manohar Lohia, Nidhi entered politics with a vision to rebuild Nepal on the principles of truth and non-violence, starting from the grassroots level. Like Gandhi, he embraced satyagraha (non-violent resistance) as a powerful tool in his political struggles. From 1947 onward, Nidhi actively promoted satyagraha and was arrested in 1957 for participating in such movements.
December 15, 1960, marks a dark chapter in Nepal’s history when King Mahendra seized absolute power, dismantling the democratic system. In response, the Nepali Congress, based in Patna, resolved to launch an armed struggle. However, Nidhi remained steadfast in his commitment to non-violence. He believed that a true satyagrahi should embody qualities such as fearlessness, self-discipline, and restraint, which he demonstrated through his actions rather than mere words. Upon returning to Nepal, Nidhi openly opposed the politics of violence and was subsequently imprisoned. His unwavering adherence to non-violence, even in the face of adversity, highlighted his idealism and moral courage.
A bold and visionary leader
In 1964, during a program organized by the Panchayati government in Janakpur, Nidhi boldly stated, “Writing laws and regulations alone cannot bring change to our country; they must be implemented truthfully.” He fearlessly criticized the Panchayat regime’s education policy in 1971, advocating for education in one’s mother tongue—a demand that remains relevant today.
In 1976, when B.P. Koirala and Ganeshman Singh returned to Nepal, embracing national unity and reconciliation, the Nepali Congress faced internal strife. At a central working committee meeting in Calcutta, presided over by Suvarna Samsher, B.P. Koirala was expelled from the party. Girija Prasad Koirala organized a conference in Patna to oppose this decision, and Nidhi played a crucial role in resolving the conflict. He argued that expelling a leader of B.P.’s stature could not be decided unilaterally. After meeting Suvarna Samsher in Calcutta, Nidhi convinced him to hand over the party’s leadership to B.P., thereby preventing the Congress from descending into division and mistrust. Kishore Nepal, in his book Nepal Kaa Nidhi, emphasizes that Nidhi’s wisdom and diplomacy saved the party during a critical juncture.
During the interim government of 1990, Nidhi served as the Minister of Water Resources and Local Development at the request of Prime Minister Krishna Prasad Bhattarai. As the Minister of Local Development, he dismantled the Panchayat-era structures and established Village Development Committees and District Development Committees. He also advocated against introducing party politics in local body elections, warning that it would divide communities—a vision that remains unaddressed to this day. As the Minister of Water Resources, Nidhi revived the Nepal-India Joint Committee meetings on the Koshi and Gandaki rivers, which had been stalled for years. His innovative approach led to concrete decisions on the Kulekhani hydroelectric projects and an agreement to sell Nepal’s surplus electricity to India without incurring losses—a policy that continues to be a source of economic pride for Nepal.
A humble and unforgettable legacy
Mahendra Narayan Nidhi was a down-to-earth leader whose influence on Nepal’s political history remains indelible. He refrained from engaging in internal party rivalries, even when others sought to split the Nepali Congress for personal gain. The late Pradeep Giri once remarked on Nidhi’s unique intellectualism: “Some intellectuals derive their ideas from the works of Marx, Lenin, Gandhi, or Gramsci, while others form their ideas by observing people, understanding their needs, and responding to them. Mahendra Narayan Nidhi belonged to the latter category.”
Nidhi’s legacy is a testament to his unwavering commitment to truth, non-violence, and the welfare of the nation. His life and work continue to inspire future generations of leaders in Nepal.
