Are we truly prepared for the next disaster?

The recent earthquake in Tibet, measuring 7.1 Richter scale, serves as a stark reminder of the seismic vulnerability of our region. While it is heartening to see that rescue operations and emergency responses were mobilized swiftly, the question remains: Are we genuinely prepared for the next disaster? And are we addressing the invisible wounds it leaves behind—those inflicted on mental health?

Nepal is renowned for its diverse geography, spanning from the Himalayas to the lush hills and the Terai region. Despite these natural wonders, Nepal is gripped by geographical challenges every year, leading to numerous crises that result in significant human and material losses. Disasters, whether they are natural or man-made, have become a recurrent occurrence in Nepal. From flooding and landslides to road accidents and earthquakes, these crises cause physical destruction that have lasting effects on people’s mental well-being. 

Since the catastrophic 2015 earthquake, Nepal has made some strides in disaster preparedness. The establishment of search-and-rescue frameworks, community awareness programs, and stricter building codes are steps in the right direction. The government has also emphasized regional cooperation, aiming to pool resources and expertise with neighboring countries. However, gaps in implementation and resource allocation persist, particularly in rural and remote areas, where access to aid remains slow and inconsistent.

Silent toll on mental health

The term ‘disaster’ has become all too familiar to Nepalese. While physical destruction is immediate and visible, the psychological scars of disasters often remain hidden, festering long after the rubble is cleared. Studies following the 2015 earthquake revealed alarming increases in anxiety disorder, depression disorder, and substance abuse among survivors. The recent quake has once again triggered collective trauma, reopening old wounds for many who lived through past disasters.

The aftermath of such events often leads to immeasurable, tangible and intangible losses. While the physical toll is readily apparent, the long-term mental health implications are frequently overlooked. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent mental health challenge that many individuals in Nepal grapple with following a crisis. What initially presents as stress and irritability ultimately reveals deep-rooted trauma from past disasters. The enduring impact of these crises on mental health cannot be overstated.

Long after the physical signs of destruction have faded, individuals continue to battle the emotional and psychological scars. Despite the passage of time, the pain, stress, and disturbance persist, searing deep into their minds. It is imperative to acknowledge that seeking professional help is not a sign of weakness but a courageous effort to reclaim one's mental well-being. Not everyone has similar coping patterns; few people can cope with anything, whereas many can’t handle even a small amount of stress in daily life. Unfortunately, mental health services in Nepal are still underdeveloped. A lack of trained professionals, limited awareness, and societal stigma hinder timely intervention. This is a gap that must be urgently addressed. 

Disasters not only test physical resilience but also the mental fortitude of individuals and communities. Ignoring this dimension of preparedness risks undermining recovery efforts.

Way forward

Preparedness for future disasters must be holistic, encompassing both physical and psychological aspects. The government and civil society must prioritize mental health as a critical component of disaster response. 

Integration of mental health services: Establish dedicated mental health units within disaster response teams, ensuring immediate access to counseling and psychological first aid.

Community-based support systems: Provide psychological first aid training to local leaders, teachers, and volunteers to provide basic mental health support and identify individuals in need of professional help.

Public awareness campaigns: Reduce stigma around mental health by normalizing conversations and encouraging people to seek help without fear of judgment.

Long-term investments: Strengthen healthcare infrastructure to include mental health as a core component, ensuring sustained support for affected populations.

Call to action

Nepal’s seismic reality demands a proactive and inclusive approach to disaster preparedness. While we cannot prevent earthquakes, we can mitigate their impact through preparedness, education, and compassion. Let this recent event serve as a wake-up call to address not only the physical devastation but also the emotional aftermath of such calamities.

Encouraging conversations, seeking support from friends, family, and mental health professionals, and embracing the power of collective compassion are pivotal steps in the journey towards healing and resilience. Together, we can strive to create a society where mental health concerns are met with empathy, understanding, and accessible support services. Let’s stand united in addressing the long-term impact of crises on mental health and fostering a culture of healing and hope in Nepal.

Everyone is unique, and individual differences make society. One may be good in one way, and another is in the next way. Never think that we should be filled with everything in life. It wouldn’t be a good life if we had everything. Let’s make a culture of asking for help. The resilience of a nation lies not just in its ability to rebuild structures but also in its capacity to heal its people. As we brace for the future, let us remember that preparedness is not just about survival—it is about ensuring that every individual has the tools to recover and thrive, both physically and mentally.

 

The author is psychiatrist