Strengthening social welfare in Nepal

As Nepal transitions into a federal structure, the Social Welfare Council (SWC) plays a pivotal role in coordinating social welfare initiatives among various stakeholders, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international non-governmental organizations (INGOs). Established under the Social Welfare Act of 2049, the SWC’s mission is increasingly vital as it seeks to meet the diverse needs of the population while adapting to a complex political landscape.

Nepal’s move to federalism has introduced significant changes in governance and service delivery. The SWC faces several challenges in this new environment:

Fragmentation of authority: Power is now decentralized, requiring the SWC to coordinate effectively across federal, provincial, and local levels. This fragmentation can lead to inconsistencies in policy implementation, making it essential for the SWC to establish robust communication channels.

Resource allocation: Government priorities may shift based on political dynamics, impacting the funding and support available for social welfare initiatives. This uncertainty complicates the planning and execution of programs aimed at vulnerable populations.

Stakeholder engagement: The SWC must balance the interests of local governments, NGOs, and community members, fostering collaboration to avoid service delivery overlaps and ensure cohesive efforts.

Operational landscape

Clients and beneficiaries: The SWC’s primary focus is on marginalized groups, including women, children, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. Programs must be tailored to address specific social challenges, such as poverty, discrimination, and access to healthcare and education.

Staff capacity and expertise: The effectiveness of the SWC hinges on its personnel. Continuous professional development is crucial for staff to navigate the complexities of federalism and effectively support local NGOs.

Board and governance: The SWC's governance structure must include diverse representation to reflect the multifaceted nature of social issues in Nepal. The SWC board should be led by a professional politician while the line ministry should be an oversight body. Strengthening the executive committee can lead to more informed and inclusive decision-making processes.

Strategic recommendations

To enhance the SWC’s operational effectiveness in the federal context, consider the following strategies:

• Enhanced coordination mechanisms: Develop clear protocols for communication and collaboration among the SWC, local governments, and NGOs. Regular joint planning sessions can ensure alignment on priorities and enhance the effectiveness of social welfare programs.
• Decentralized decision-making: Empower local SWC branches to make decisions regarding funding and program implementation. This approach allows for greater responsiveness to local needs and quicker adaptations to changing circumstances.
• Prioritized capacity building: Invest in training programs for SWC staff and affiliated NGOs, focusing on project management, monitoring and evaluation, and community engagement. A well-trained workforce is essential for effective service delivery.
• Transparency and accountability: Implement robust financial management and reporting mechanisms to build trust among stakeholders. Regular audits and public disclosures of funding and expenditures can enhance the SWC’s credibility.
• Collaboration with local organizations: Strengthen partnerships with local NGOs and community-based organizations to leverage their knowledge and networks. This collaborative approach can enhance outreach and ensure programs are culturally sensitive.
• Advocacy for sustainable funding: Engage in advocacy efforts to secure stable funding from government sources, international donors, and private sector partners. Diversifying the funding base will enable the SWC to sustain its operations and expand its reach.

The Social Welfare Council is at a critical juncture as it navigates the complexities of a federal Nepal. By enhancing coordination mechanisms, decentralizing decision-making, investing in capacity building, and fostering collaboration with local organizations, the SWC can significantly strengthen its impact. These strategic adaptations will empower marginalized communities and align the Council’s operations with the overarching goals of the Nepalese government, fostering a more equitable and just society. The SWC’s proactive approach is essential for advancing social welfare initiatives and improving the lives of vulnerable populations across Nepal.