2024 could break the record of hottest year

In 2023, Nepal experienced its second-warmest year on record. Previously, the hottest year on record for Nepal was 1981. The average maximum temperature for 2023 was 27.9 degrees Celsius, an increase of 0.6 degrees Celsius from the previous normal annual maximum temperature.

Global trends indicate that worldwide temperatures have surpassed the 1.5 degrees Celsius threshold across an entire year for the first time, with March 2024 breaking new temperature records. 

Nepal is not exempt from this trend. Several meteorological stations recorded unprecedented high temperatures, reflecting the severity of the heat waves experienced in 2023.

Experts suggest that 2024 could become the hottest year on record, with heat waves already occurring early in the year. 

Weather expert Ngamindra Dahal notes that the record could be broken because intense heat waves have already started. “If a place experiences a temperature of 40 degrees Celsius for an hour, it’s manageable, but the concern arises when such high temperatures persist throughout the day,” he explains.

March 2024 was the warmest March ever recorded globally. It was also the 10th month in a row that was the hottest on record, itself an ongoing record-breaking streak.

The primary cause of the exceptional heat was human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. Other factors pushing up temperatures include El Niño, the natural climate pattern that warms the surface waters in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

The European Union’s Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) said that March averaged 14.14 degrees Celsius, exceeding the previous record from 2016 by a 10th of a degree. The month was also 1.68 degrees Celsius hotter than an average March between the years 1850-1900, the reference period for the pre-industrial era.

The Ministry of Health and Population has urged the public to take preventive measures against the heat wave. The effects of heat waves include fast heartbeat, breathing complications, low blood pressure level, sweating, severe headache, and dizziness.