Dr Dipak Kumar Sah: Don’t use antibiotics for conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis cases are on the rise, and it is mostly affecting school children. Also known as pink eye, conjunctivitis is commonly caused by adenovirus but it can also be caused by other viruses, bacteria and allergic reactions. Sabitri Dhakal of ApEx talked with Dr Dipak Kumar Sah, consultant optometrists and general secretary of Nepalese Association of Optometrists (NAO), to learn more about the infection and its treatment. Excerpts:  

What is conjunctivitis?

Conjunctivitis is a communicable disease that causes inflammation of the conjunctiva, a thin layer of tissue on the inside of the eyelids. It can be caused by a viral, bacterial, protozoan or allergic infection. The disease has been fast spreading across the country.

What are the symptoms?

Reddening of the eyes, swelling of the conjunctiva, increased tear production, feeling like there is a presence of foreign particles in the eyes, swelling, itching, irritation and or burning, pus or mucus discharge are some of the common symptoms. People can first suffer from fever or later conjunctivitis can be seen in the eyes or vice versa as viral infection can affect anywhere first.

Why is it spreading?

Incessant rainfall, floods, increased moisture in the air have fuelled the spread of the disease. There is no sufficient sunlight and this is giving a perfect environment and temperature for the virus to grow and multiply. It is spreading very quickly. 

Who is more infected?

Anyone with low immunity can be infected. Long infection can affect the cornea, which can affect one’s vision. Therefore, when people are infected with conjunctivitis, they must visit the ophthalmologist. Use of antibiotics is strictly prohibited. Also eye drops with steroids are harmful for the eyes. People must not buy the drugs over the counter to treat conjunctivitis. 

What are the best ways for prevention?  

Isolate yourself. Do not send children to school when they have conjunctivitis. Practice public health measures. Wash hands often with soap and water, and help young children do the same. Avoid touching or rubbing eyes. Avoid sharing personal items such as towels, eye glasses. Take a rest. Drink plenty of water. Visit an ophthalmologist.